Economy 1

Question 1

What was the purpose of the 1851 Great Exhibition?

Answer 1

To demonstrate Britain’s high global status and crucial role in the world economy

Question 2

What were the giants of the British industrial sector?

Answer 2

Textiles, coal, shipbuilding, engineering

Question 3

Between 1850-1873 how much did the British economy grow annually on average?

Answer 3

3%

Question 4

What was the growth in value of cotton between 1851-1875?

Answer 4

£46 million in 1851 to £105 million in 1875

Question 5

What was the increase of annual coal exportation between 1855-1870?

Answer 5

60 million tonnes in 1855 to 109 million tonnes by 1870

Question 6

Name 2 examples of specialised breeding in agriculture

Answer 6

1) Aberdeen angus
2) Hereford beef

Question 7

Name 2 examples of agricultural technological advancements

Answer 7

1) Seed drills
2) Steam driven threshing machines

Question 8

What benefit did railways have for agriculture?

Answer 8

It was easier to transport perishables around Britain quickly

Question 9

Name 2 examples of industrial technological advancements

Answer 9

1) Nellson’s hot blast
2) Nasmyth’s steam hammer

Question 10

Name 2 major corporations that began during this time period

Answer 10

1) Imperial Tobacco Company
2) Vickers Armstrong (diesel engines for boats)

Question 11

What was the British population growth between 1851-1881?

Answer 11

27 million to 35 million

Question 12

How much iron and steel was exported in the 1850s?

Answer 12

£17.9 million worth

Question 13

How much iron and steel was exported in the 1870s?

Answer 13

£35 million worth

Question 14

What amount of the economy was made by cotton and wool in 1851?

Answer 14

2/3

Question 15

When did the Suez Canal open?

Answer 15

1869

Question 16

Why was the Suez Canal beneficial for global trade?

Answer 16

It gave easy access to China, India and Australia

Question 17

How did the Suez Canal increase the tonnage of ships in total exports?

Answer 17

Increased from 300,000 to over 3 million

Question 18

How profitable was the animal feedstuff market by 1870?

Answer 18

£6 million

Question 19

How valuable was the guano market by 1870?

Answer 19

£8 million

Question 20

What percentage of Britain’s wheat needs were produced domestically by 1870?

Answer 20

50%

Question 21

What percentage of Britain’s meat needs were produced domestically by 1870?

Answer 21

90%

Question 22

In 1860 how many miles of railway track ran across Britain?

Answer 22

9000 miles

Question 23

In 1875 how many miles of railway track ran across Britain?

Answer 23

14,500 miles

Question 24

How much money was made off train ticket sales in 1875?

Answer 24

£24.3 million

Question 25

How much money was made off freight charges in 1875?

Answer 25

£32.1 million

Question 26

When did the London Underground open?

Answer 26

1863

Question 27

How many passengers rode the London Underground in its first year?

Answer 27

Over 10 million

Question 28

Where was mixed farming more popular, leading to less dire consequences once the agricultural market began to decline?

Answer 28

Scotland, Warwickshire and Lancashire

Question 29

Why was dairy farming so popular?

Answer 29

Dairy products could be quickly transported by rail but not imported

Question 30

Which country was grain cheaply imported from, damaging British farmers?

Answer 30

The USA

Question 31

By 1899 how much meat consumed in Britain was imported?

Answer 31

40%

Question 32

What did The Economist describe the year of 1879 as?

Answer 32

"One of the most sunless and cheerless of the century"

Question 33

Which countries began putting tariffs on Britain after 1873?

Answer 33

Italy (1878), France (1882), Germany (1879) and The US (1883)

Question 34

Between 1871 and 1896 how much did the price of coal drop by?

Answer 34

Over 30%