Ectoparasiticides Flashcards
(10 cards)
What is the only FDA approved treatment for demodicosis?
Amitraz
- Amitraz suspension dip on weekly basis (wear protective clothing)
- also for control of mites and ticks
Where does Amitraz act?
Activation of octopamine receptors
- inhibitory, leads to decrease in cAMP and intracellular calcium
Adverse Reactions w/ Amitraz
CNS depression, bradycardia, GI atony, colic
- DUE TO ACTIVATION OF ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS (similar to what happens w/ Xylazine)
- treatment w/ an alpha-2 antagonist (Yohimbine)
Nicotinic Receptor Agonists
- Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Dinotefuran
- can be used as fleacides
- highly selective for insect receptors, and have minimal effect on mammal nicotinic receptors
Which nicotinic receptor agonist has the greatest affinity for insect receptors?
Nitenpyram
Which nicotinic receptor agonist is stored for 30 days in sebaceous glands?
Imidacloprid (Advantage RR)
- it’s a spot-on once a month
Nitenpyram
Insect nicotinic receptor agonist
- high selectivity for insect receptors
- ORAL —-> rapid GI absorption, urinary excretion
- kills 95% of fleas within 5 hrs; LASTS 1-2 days
- SAFEST fleacide w/ shortest duration
- CAN BE USED IN NEWBORN ANIMALS
When should Nitenpyram be used?
Use to treat infested newborn animals, or use in boarding situations where fleas need to be killed quickly
Why use Nitenpyram + Lufenuron?
Lufenuron will kill immature fleas, Nitenpyram will kill adult fleas
Which fleacide works both on chloride channels and as nicotinic receptor agonist?
Spinosad
- a macrocyclic lactone (works on Chloride channels) but also is a nicotinic receptor agonist (influx of sodium) (it works on different nicotinic receptors than the neonicotinoids)
- So, technically spinosad causes both hyperpolarization and depolarization ======> PROBLEM!??
