Ectoparasiticides Flashcards

(10 cards)

1
Q

What is the only FDA approved treatment for demodicosis?

A

Amitraz

  • Amitraz suspension dip on weekly basis (wear protective clothing)
  • also for control of mites and ticks
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2
Q

Where does Amitraz act?

A

Activation of octopamine receptors

- inhibitory, leads to decrease in cAMP and intracellular calcium

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3
Q

Adverse Reactions w/ Amitraz

A

CNS depression, bradycardia, GI atony, colic

  • DUE TO ACTIVATION OF ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS (similar to what happens w/ Xylazine)
  • treatment w/ an alpha-2 antagonist (Yohimbine)
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4
Q

Nicotinic Receptor Agonists

- Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Dinotefuran

A
  • can be used as fleacides

- highly selective for insect receptors, and have minimal effect on mammal nicotinic receptors

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5
Q

Which nicotinic receptor agonist has the greatest affinity for insect receptors?

A

Nitenpyram

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6
Q

Which nicotinic receptor agonist is stored for 30 days in sebaceous glands?

A

Imidacloprid (Advantage RR)

- it’s a spot-on once a month

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7
Q

Nitenpyram

A

Insect nicotinic receptor agonist

  • high selectivity for insect receptors
  • ORAL —-> rapid GI absorption, urinary excretion
  • kills 95% of fleas within 5 hrs; LASTS 1-2 days
    - SAFEST fleacide w/ shortest duration
    - CAN BE USED IN NEWBORN ANIMALS
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8
Q

When should Nitenpyram be used?

A

Use to treat infested newborn animals, or use in boarding situations where fleas need to be killed quickly

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9
Q

Why use Nitenpyram + Lufenuron?

A

Lufenuron will kill immature fleas, Nitenpyram will kill adult fleas

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10
Q

Which fleacide works both on chloride channels and as nicotinic receptor agonist?

A

Spinosad

  • a macrocyclic lactone (works on Chloride channels) but also is a nicotinic receptor agonist (influx of sodium) (it works on different nicotinic receptors than the neonicotinoids)
  • So, technically spinosad causes both hyperpolarization and depolarization ======> PROBLEM!??
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