Flashcards in Ed's Cardiac Output Lecture / Final Exam Prep Deck (48)
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1
Cardiac Output
Formula ?
C.O = HR X SV
ml/min = beats/min X ml/beat
2
Cardiac Output (resting range)
4 - 8 L/m
3
6 Factors affecting Cardiac Output
MOBGAP
- Metabolic rate
- Oxygen demand
- Body size / type
- Gender
- Age
- Posture
4
The most potent determinate of cardiac output is
metabolic oxygen demand
5
5 Things that increase metabolism:
- exercise
- sepsis
- strong emotion
- trauma/surgery
- temperature
6
C.O. of a female Vs. C.O. of a male?
female = 10% lower than a male of the same body size
7
In general, females have ____ skeletal muscle mass than males.
Smaller
8
How do we adjust for individual differences??
- Calculate cardiac index!
- Adjusts C.O. to a
defined measurement
Of body tissue
(BSA)
9
Cardiac Index formula ?
C.O. / BSA
10
Normal adult C.I. range?
2.5 - 4.2 L/min/m2
11
How do we calculate BSA??
(w^.425)(H^.725)(.007184)
12
Advantages of CI ?
Normalizes cardiac output relative to body surface area
13
Disadvantages of CI ?
The relationship of metabolism to surface area can be very different from patient to patient
14
When is CI at its highest?
Childhood
15
Neonates may have
X3 the CI as an adult
16
when a person stands up, what happen?
C.O. decreases
17
S.V. formula =
C.O. / HR X1000
18
DO2 (delivery) formula=
CaO2 X C.O. X 10
19
PVR formula =
80 X (MPAP-PAWP) /C.O.
20
SVR formula =
80 X (MAP - RAP) / C.O.
21
Stroke volume is a function of:
A. Preload (EDP)
B. Afterload (Pa)
C. Contractility
22
Normal S.V. =
60 - 100 ml/beat
23
E.F. Formula =
S.V. X 100 / EDV
24
Normal E.F. =
65%
25
Frank-Starling Law
describes what?
relationship between SV and cardiac performance
26
Preload definition = LVEDP
y = Press
X = Volume
the amount of -myocardial fiber
stretch &/or
- amount of volume in
the ventricle
at the end of diastole
27
Afterload definition =
resistance, impedance, pressure the ventricles must overcome
To eject its blood volume
28
Clinically the most sensitive measure of afterload is ?
SVR/PVR
29
SVR formula =
(MAP-RAP) X 80
_________________
C.O.
30
