EDS TEST TERMS Flashcards
(18 cards)
Within-Participants (repeated measures) Design:
All participants tested under all the conditions of the experiment.
Correlational design
Examines the relationship between two or more variables without manipulating them
Between- Participants (Independent Participants) Design
Different groups of participants are exposed to different conditions or treatments
Matched Pairs Design
Participants are paired based on characteristics relevant to the study and then assigned to different conditions.
1 Tailed Hypothesis
examines if a sample mean is significantly greater than or less than a population mean
2 Tailed Hypothesis
two-tailed test (or non-directional test) checks if a sample mean is significantly different from the population mean, regardless of direction
IV (Independent variable
The variable that manipulates or changes to see its effect on something else, like the dependent variable
Dependent variable (DV)
The variable that is measured or observed to see if its affected by the independent variable
Mann-Whitney U Test (a):
A non-parametric test used to compare two independent groups when data is not normally distributed, testing for differences in medians or distributions.
Wilcoxon Test (b):
A non-parametric test used to compare two related (paired) groups, testing for differences in medians or distributions when data is not normally distributed
Related (Paired-Samples) t-test
A parametric test used to compare the means of two related groups, testing for differences in means when data is normally distributed
Spearman’s Rho Test
A non-parametric test used to measure the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables when data is ordinal or non-normally distributed
Nominal Data
Categorical data with no inherent order or ranking; labels or names
e.g hair colour, gender, types of fruits
Ordinal Data
Categorical data with a meaningful order or ranking, but intervals between categories may not be equal
e.g , Educational levels (high school, bachelor’s, master’s), survey responses (strongly agree, agree, neutral
Interval Data
Numerical data with equal intervals between values, but no true zero point
Ratio Data
Numerical data with equal intervals and a true zero point, allowing meaningful ratios and comparisons
e.g height, weight, age, distance, income.
Parametric
relies upon the assumption that the data you want to test is (or approximately is) normally distributed
Non-parametric
Used if the assumptions for the parametric tests are not met
