Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

sociology > education > Flashcards

education Flashcards

(71 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what does emile durkheim’s theory suggest the role of education is

A

it passes on norms and values
education is not just teaching maths and english and things for jobs in the future
it performs the role of strengthening social solidarity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

social solidarity

A

all members of society have shared norms and values

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

secondary socialisation

A

when a child learns the values, beliefs and attitudes of their culture through those outside of the family

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

value consensus

A

the need for societies to have a common set of beliefs and principles to work with and towards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

economic function

A

the provision of goods and services

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

equality of opportunity

A

the idea that people ought to be able to compete on equal terms, or on a “level playing field,” for advantaged offices and positions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

role allocation

A

sifting and sorting people into the roles that they will go on to perform in life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Meritocracy

A

Everyone starts off the same and everyone has a fair chance in life and that status is achieved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Particularistic standards

A

Children are not judged by standards that can be applied to everyone in society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Universalistic standards

A

everyone is judged by the same standards, regardless of family ties, class, race, ethnicity, gender or sexuality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ascribed status

A

Your status is decided by your wealth, family, race or gender not something you can change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Achieved status

A

Doesn’t matter who you are or where you come from you can earn a high or low status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Specialist skills

A

The skills needed to carry out a role in society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does SETs stand for (the 4 function of eduction)

A

social solidarity, economic, transmit norms and values, social selection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what did collins 1972 say as a critizmsm

A

occupational skills are learned on the job not at school

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

hidden curriculum

A

teaching of norms and values- informal education, hard work, punctuality, teamwork, attendance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

2 key functions of education according to durkheim

A
  • social selection - the teaching of specialist skills
  • national identity - value consensus, social solidarity, sense of belonging
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

hargreaves theory

A

Schools place too much emphasis on the individual. Causes them to rebel.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

subculture

A

small group with different norms and values

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

davis and moore- role allocation

A

sift and sort people according to their abilities. inequality is necessary so roles in society are filled by the more talented. encourages competition.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what views does new right have in regard to the education system

A
  • shows national identity in history and english
  • free schools meals are bad as it uses other peoples taxes when it should be the parents responsibility
  • its a form of secondary socialisation
  • meritocracy
  • selective education
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is section 28? 1988-2003

A

margret thatcher banned teaching and discussing homosecuality in education. she promoted traditional family values

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the new right in simple terms

A

a political perspective,right wing view where they want to lower taxes, promote national identity and is inspired by functionalism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is underclass

A

lowest point on the social hierarchy, a group lower than the lower class, seen as failures due to there own laziness, recipients of benefits, culture of dependency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what do functionalism and new right have in common
- national identity - meritocracy - socialising people into shared norms and values - macro - structural
26
chub and moe (1990)
they think state education has failed due to lack of skills provision and because private schools deliver higher quality education. they think society need a market system in state education that would put control in the hands of the consumers to improve the quality of education
27
skills provision
teaches the skills required by a modern industrial society
28
how are school becoming businesses
- OFSTED - specialist schools - open enrolment - marketing department - merch
29
what is parsons - system theory
- school acts as a bridge between family and society as a whole, preparing children for their adult roles in society. - meritocracy and achieved status - selects and sorts people into a role
30
what is parsons - sex role theory
- men were the instrumental leader while women were the expressive leader and that both were necessary. So men carried out discipline and earned money, while women cared and nurtured and raised children
31
what do functionalists believe the role of education is
- informal learning of norms and values (hidden curriculum) - meritocracy
32
an example of functionalism at schools
US pledge promotes unity, sense of belonging, common ground, understanding
33
hargreaves theory
- school places to much emphasis on the individual - failure to succeed causes subcultures- rebel because of lack of exam success.
34
davis and moore - role allocation theory
- one of the main functions of education is to sift and sort young people according to their abilities - inequality is necessary so high roles are filled by the most talented - brightest = most demanding highest paid jobs - encourages competition - pyramid that we need cleaners, bin men for society to function
35
3 criticisms of functionalism
- not all students passively accept what they learn within education system - interactionism, hargreaves - not everyone has an equal chance of success - parsons, meritocracy - education does not help develop specialist skills - durkheim
36
what is an ethnocentric curriculum
- curriculum that is based on the cultural values and perspectives of a particular ethnic or cultural group. it is characterised by a focus on the history, culture and achievements of the dominant group often to the exclusion or marginalisation of other groups
37
collins 1972
- argues that occupational skills are learned on the job not at school.
38
what is the new right
- right wing - culture of dependency - underclass - low tax - love british national identity
39
what is gillborn and yodell - ' educational triage'
the system rations their time effort and resources to concentrate them on those pupils they perceive as having potential to get grades to boost the schools league table position. high achievers, hopeless cases, borderline that if they work hard they might achieve
40
gillborn and youdell - A*-C economy
marketisation changes explain why school are undergoing pressure to stream and select pupils. for example schools need to achieve good league table position to attract pupils and funding - this widens the class gap in achievement.
41
habitus
refers to the norms, values, attitudes, and behaviours of a particular social group (or social class)
42
symbolic capital
the resources available to an individual on the basis of honor, prestige or recognition, and serves as value that one holds within a culture
43
symbolic violence
a type of non-physical violence manifested in the power differential between social groups
44
internal factions of class differences in education
- becker labelling theory - gillborn and yodell - A*-C marketisation - lacey 0 streaming - rist labelling case study - hargreaves - deviance in classrooms - ball - banding
45
external factions of class differences in education
- marketisation parents - douglas - working class parents less involved - bourdieu cultural capital - sugarman - immediate and deferred gratification - smith and nobel - home catchment - howard diet - reay - only going to local unis and having part time jobs
46
howards external theory (home factors)
he found that poor diet in working classes lead to underachievement as student experienced higher levels of illness and therefore absence from school and more likely to be placed on child protection register
47
reays external theory (home factors)
working class student were more likely to apply to local universities to live at home and cut costs. also more likely to have part time jobs
48
sugarman's theory
studied 540 fourth year boys in london secondary school, using a questionnaire. he argued that middle class fair differently in education due to their attitude which is linked to their parents occupation. also immediate gratification and deferred gratification.
49
douglas study
he did a longitudinal study in 1946. he found that working class students parents placed less value on education so their children were less ambitious.
50
bernstein
he argued that there are class differences in the use of language. the middle class 'elaborated code' and working classes 'restricted code'. working class are at a disadvantage
51
bourdieu
marxist, cultural capital, economic capital. working class see oxford as not for them so they don't try
52
ball
banding, self fulfilling prophecy due to labelling
53
fatalism
the propensity of individuals or groups to believe that their destinies are ruled by an unseen power or are played out inevitably rather than by their will
54
Privileged skilled choosers
Middle class parents who use economic and cultural capital to gain educational capital for their children.
55
compensatory education
intended to offset the effects of socio-economic disadvantage which may restrict the educational opportunities of children from socially deprived backgrounds.
56
symbolic capital
the resources available to an individual on the basis of honor, prestige or recognition, and serves as value that one holds within a culture
57
symbolic violence
a type of non-physical violence manifested in the power differential between social groups
58
pupil subcultures
a group of pupils who share similar behaviours and views on school
59
polarisation
The splitting of a society into two distinct groups that are different ends of a spectrum, such as rich and poor, or white and black
60
pygmalion effect
describes situations where someone's high expectations improves our behavior and therefore our performance in a given area
61
nike identities
The working class identified themselves as 'Nike' is comparison to the middle class 'Gucci'.As a result, working class pupils may choose self-elimination or self-exclusion from education
62
institutional racism / systematic
policies and practices that exist throughout a whole society or organization that result in and support a continued unfair advantage to some people and unfair or harmful treatment of others based on race.
63
ethnocentric curriculum
a type of educational curriculum that is based on the cultural values and perspectives of a particular ethnic or cultural group
64
patois
speech or language that is considered nonstandard
65
new IQism
Schools are using old-style IQ tests to allocate pupils to streams
66
althusser ideological state apparatus
the repressive state apparatus- physical, maintaining the rule of the bourgeoisie by force or threat eg police he ideological state apparatus - mental, maintains the rule of the bourgeoise by controlling them values and beliefs ege religion, media and education system ideology is more effective
67
bowles and gintis, exploring the hidden curriculum and correspondence theory
schools play a key role in conditioning students into the attitudes, values and routines that would make them easily exploitable when they left school. essential for social reproduction. effectively reproduces labour from one generation to the next. 'myth of meritocracy'
68
Bourdieu cultural capital
sees the issue of working class failure as the fault of the education system, not that of the working classes and their culture . teachers use bourgeoisie parlance as supposed to common parlance
69
boudon cost of persistence
there is a cost of persistence for working class students who stay on in education. there is a strong pressure not to pursue education as friends will have left education as friends will have left education, got jobs and offered alternate culture and climate. for many working classes the 'cost of persistence' is too high so they do not take the route of education.
70
paul willis neo marxism, learning labour how working class get jobs
studies 12 working class boys (the lads) during their last year and a half at school and their first few months at work. observation and unstructured interviews . the lads were not shaped by the education system. the lads rejected school and created their own counter school subculture.
71

sociology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions