Education - Ethnicity Flashcards
(19 cards)
How does intellectual + linguistic skills affect education for ethnic minorities? (black)
Black L.C. children have a lack of intellectual + linguistic skills means children without skills such as reasoning + problem solving.
They also speak in restricted code which means it’s harder to understand text books/exam questions meaning they receive lower grades.
How does attitudes + values affect education for ethnic minority groups? (black + chinese)
Black children = have a lack of motivation, have been socialised into opposing values of fatalism - failure to succeed.
Chinese children = achieve highly in British education because Chinese beliefs stem from family values + hierarchy - prepares them for success.
How does family structure + parental support affect education for those of ethnic minority? (black families)
Black families = typically female headed single parent families + children are deprived of adequate care.
- the mother has to work - children lack parental support/involvement in school.
- They may also not be able to afford equipment.
- The absence of a father means the children seek a role model within gangs - leads to crime.
How does family structure + parental support affect education for those of ethnic minority? (asian families)
Indian + chinese pupils benefit from supportive families that have an ‘Asian work ethic’ + high value on education.
Asian parents are also more likely to be on board with school policies.
How does family structure + parental support affect education for those of ethnic minority? (White W.C. families)
White W.C. pupils often underachieve as they have lower aspirations.
- Also have lower levels of parental support + attitudes.
- Reported lower behaviours in white W.C. schools.
How does material deprivation affect education for those of ethnic minority?
Half of ethnic minority children live in low income households + are greater risks of material deprivation due to unemployment, low-paid jobs + overcrowding.
- Children of shift-workers receive a lack of support with homework + involvement in school from parents. They also have a poor diet from lack of parent time.
How does racism affect education for those of ethnic minorities?
Racial discrimination can lead to social exclusion - positive impacts of racism include children taking their anger + trying to achieve better in education.
Negative impacts include children fulfilling their racist labelling + leading to failure.
How does labelling + teacher racism affect education for black pupils?
Black pupils are seen as far from the ideal pupil (disruptive).
Teachers expect pupils to have more behavioural problems (racialised expectations) - more likely to interpret behaviour as threatening.
- Black pupils are more likely to be excluded/suspended.
How does streaming affect black pupils?
Asian pupils?
1) Black pupils are more likely to be placed in lower sets/streams, due to stereotyping - this creates a self-fulfilling prophecy.
2) Asian pupils are assumed to have poor English so are left out of discussions. They also don’t receive support they require.
How do pupil responses + subcultures affect education?
Theorists?
1) Racial stereotypes + racism - pupils can respond in a variety of ways (disruptive/withdrawn/act to prove the label wrong - self-refuting policy)
2) Fuller’s girls
How can stereotyped ethnic identities affect pupil identities? (asian + black)
Ethnic minorities are seen as pathologised or demonised.
-Black: loud/challenging/sexual
-Asian girls: quiet/passive/docile
Define the ‘ideal pupil’?
Define the ‘pathologised pupil’?
Define the ‘demonised pupil’?
1) White/M.C./masculine identity
- seen as achieving in the right way through natural ability.
2) Asian/’Deserving poor’/feminised identity
- seen as conformists/culture-bond/over-achiever through hard work.
3) Black/white/W.C./hyper-sexualised identity.
- seen as unintelligent, peer led, under-achievers.
How does institutional racism affect educational achievement?
1) institutional racism is a ‘locked in inequality’.
- no longer needs to be conscious intent to discriminate.
- inequality is so deep-rooted + large that it’s an inevitable feature.
How has marketisation affected educational achievement?
Increase in marketisation means negative stereotypes may influence decisions about school admissions.
- aspirations to decent schools is more difficult to non-English speakers + racism in school admissions means ethnic minority children are more likely to end up in unpopular schools.
How does ethnocentric curriculum affect educational achievement?
Assessments?
1) History = the national curriculum promotes ‘little Englandism’ + ignores history of black + asian groups.
Literature/language/music = lack of provision teaching Asian languages compared to European languages.
2) A change in timing - leaves room for decline (beginning - time)
- FSP is based entirely on teacher judgement.
How did the ‘Gifted + talented’ help pupils achievement?
Exam tiers is affecting achievement how?
1)
- Government scheme used for children who were identified as ‘gifted’ or ‘talented’ to help them reach + achieve their personal best work.
2)
- Black pupils were still more likely than whites to be entered into lower tariff GSCE papers.
How does the new IQism affect educational achievement?
The new IQism means teachers make false assumptions about the nature of pupils ‘ability + potential’.
- Gillborn argues you cannot measure potential.
How does educational policies affect education?
Race relations Act (76’) = unlawful to discriminate on grounds of race/colour/nationality/ethnicity.
- try to tackle educational inequality.
How does intersectionality affect education?
Gillian Evans - need to look at how ethnicity interacts with gender + class to understand underachievement.
