Edward and Mary - Background

Question 1

What were the negatives of Mary as Queen? (5 points.)

Answer 1

1. She’s a woman - unpopular.
2. Female leaders associated with anarchy and civil war.
3. Few English allies.
4. No training/preparation.
5. Weak/often ill.

Question 2

What were Mary’s top 5 aims as Queen?

Answer 2

1. Restore her legitimacy and convince the Council of her right to rule.
2. Restore Roman Catholicism and Papal Supremacy.
3. Marry and have an heir.
4. Defend Calais.
5. Restore relations with Spain and the Empire.

Question 3

How did Mary’s marriage protect English interests? (5 points.)

Answer 3

1. If Mary died leaving no heirs, Phillip had no claim to the throne.
2. Phillip had no individual sovereign authority in England.
3. Foreigners could not be promoted to office in England by Phillip.
4. Phillip must uphold English laws.
5. Mary or any heirs could not leave England without noble permission.

Question 4

What were the positives of Mary as Queen? (5 points.)

Answer 4

1. More legitimate than Lady Jane Grey.
2. Henry’s plan for succession was respected.
3. Lady Grey associated with the unpopular Duke of Northumberland.
4. Catholic survivalism amongst the nobility.
5. Powerful European allies.

Question 5

What religious situation did Edward inherit?

Answer 5

1. Most people accepted the break from Rome.
2. Dissolution of monasteries was unpopular.
3. Radical/Reform faction dominating court. They want to repeal the Six Articles of 1539.

Question 6

What financial situation did Edward inherit?

Answer 6

1. Henry’s wars had bankrupted the country.
2. Crownlands had been given away and Churchland had been sold for short-term revenue.
3. Debasement caused hyperinflation.

Question 7

What foreign policy situation had Edward inherited? (France & Scotland.)

Answer 7

France:

• Boulogne had been captured at great expense.
• This would be expensive and time-consuming for Edward to maintain.

Scotland:

• Henry invaded and enforced the Treaty of Greenwich. This betrothed Edward and Mary Queen of Scots.
• Scotland wanted Mary to marry the Dauphin of France instead.