eeee Flashcards
(19 cards)
Axis Powers
Germany, Italy and Japan. Threatened the US from both coasts.
Agricultural Adjustment Act
sought to raise crop prices by lowering production, which the government achieved by paying farmers to leave a certain amount of every acre of land unseeded.
Congress of Racial Equality
A civil rights group started in 1942 to fight racism. It used peaceful protests like sit-ins to stop segregation and unfair treatment. (795)
Fat Man
Three days later, a second bomb, code-named Fat Man, was dropped on Nagasaki, leveling half the city. By the end of the year, an estimated 200,000 people had died as a result of injuries and radiation poisoning caused by the atomic blasts.
FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)
The FDIC provided federal insurance for individual bank accounts of up to $5,000, reassuring millions of bank customers that their money was safe. It also required banks to act cautiously with their customers’ money
FHA:
The FHA, or Federal Housing Administration, is a U.S. government agency that provides mortgage insurance to lenders, allowing them to offer loans with less stringent requirements than traditional mortgages. This enables more people, especially first-time homebuyers and those with lower credit scores, to qualify for a mortgage.
Little Boy:
On August 6, a B-29 bomber named Enola Gay released an atomic bomb, codenamed Little Boy, over Hiroshima,
Fireside Chats:
A fireside chat was a radio speech given by President Franklin D. Roosevelt during the Great Depression to explain his ideas and plans in a simple, calm way. It made people feel like he was talking directly to them, like a friendly conversation by the fireplace.
J. Robert Oppenheimer:
With research directed by American scientist J. Robert Oppenheimer, the development of the atomic bomb was not only the most ambitious scientific enterprise in history, it was also the best-kept secret of the war.
Lend-Lease Act of 1941:
The Lend-Lease Act, passed in March 1941, allowed the U.S. to send weapons and supplies to countries important to its defense, like Britain. President Roosevelt said it was like lending a garden hose to a neighbor to stop a fire from spreading.
Okinawa:
Okinawa was the site of a deadly World War II battle in April 1945, where U.S. forces faced fierce Japanese resistance and kamikaze attacks, resulting in heavy losses on both sides.
Social Security Act
- Old-age insurance for retirees 65 or older and their spouses. The insurance was a supplemental retirement plan. Half of the funds came from the worker and half from the employer.
- Unemployment compensation system. The unemployment system was funded by a federal tax on employers. It was administered at the state level. The initial payments ranged from $15 to $18 per week.
- Aid to families with dependent children and the disabled. The aid was paid for by federal funds made available to the states.
Pearl Harbor:
The war base in Japan was bombed, which led the U.S to enter the war.
Securities and Exchange Commission:
to regulate the stock market in order to prevent people with inside information about companies from “rigging” the stock market for their own profit
Tennessee Valley Authority
Focusing on the badly depressed Tennessee River Valley, the TVA renovated five existing dams and constructed 20 new ones, created thousands of jobs, and provided flood control, hydroelectric power, and other benefits to an impoverished region.
The GI Bill of Rights:
This bill provided education and training for veterans, paid for by the federal government.
Wagner Act :
Protected the right of workers to join unions and engage in collective bargaining with employers.
Prohibited unfair labor practices such as threatening workers, firing union members, and interfering with union organizing.
The act set up the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) to hear testimony about unfair practices and to hold elections to find out if workers wanted union representation.
The Manhattan Project:
In 1941, the committee reported that it would take from three to five years to build an atomic bomb. Hoping to shorten that time, the OSRD set up an intensive program in 1942 to develop a bomb as quickly as possible. Because much of the early research was performed at Columbia University in Manhattan, the Manhattan Project became the code name for research work that extended across the country.
WPA (Work Progress Administration)
Set out to create as many jobs (gov.) as possible as quickly as possible.
Between 1935 and 1943, it spent $11 billion to give jobs to more than 8 million workers, most of them unskilled.
These workers built 850 airports throughout the country, constructed or repaired 651,000 miles of roads and streets, and put up more than 125,000 public buildings.
