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R. EEG T. > EEG Boards > Flashcards

EEG Boards Flashcards

1
Q

What additional electrodes could be placed to help decipher between artifact and cortical activity in this sample?

A

EOG electrodes

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2
Q

Brain Abcess

A

Focal polymorphic delta activity.

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3
Q

Which of the following extra electrodes might best demonstrate the EEG activity associated with focal motor twitching of the right corner of the mouth?

A

C5

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4
Q

An abbreviated 10-20 placement, respiration, ECG and EOG monitors should be used when recording…

A

Neonates

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5
Q

Sphenoidal electrodes are used to record activity from the …

A

Anterior temporal lobes

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6
Q

Why is it not best practice to allow an outpatient to sleep throughout the entire EEG recording?

A

Unable to evaluate the patient’s background rhythm.

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7
Q

Cortical EEG recordings can be obscured in patients who are tense and anxious due to …

A

Myogenic Artifact

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8
Q

What type of monitoring would be useful in an EEG patient experiencing syncope?

A

ECG

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9
Q

What additional monitoring should be done in a middle age patient who repeatedly alerts from sleep during the EEG?

A

Respiration

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10
Q

Which of the following is important for the technologist to document in order to aid in interpretations?

A

The patient was awake and alert during the recording

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11
Q

A slow wave focus is best seen with…

A

LF 0.3 Hz, paper speed 15 mm/sec

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12
Q

A waveform of 0.5 Hz can be best enhanced with a filter of

A

LF 0.3 Hz

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13
Q

Which combination of settings will help enhance a low voltage slow wave that is being masked by muscle activity?

A

Sensitivity 5; LF .3; HF 35

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14
Q

Referential recording is most appropriate for measuring

A

Voltage

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15
Q

Fourteen and six Hz positive spike are best recorded with

A

The contralateral ear reference

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16
Q

Which of the following is the most appropriate instrumentation setting change that should be made in order to enhance cortical slowing?

A

Change the LFF from 1 Hz to .1 Hz

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17
Q

When attempting to minimize relentless muscle artifact on a recording, the technologist should be aware that lowering the high filter could cause the artifact to resemble:

A

beta activity

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18
Q

When using the average reference, if a spike-and-wave focus appears at C3, the abnormality would be best enhanced by…

A

Excluding C3 and surrounding electrodes from reference.

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19
Q

To enhance the background alpha and beta asymmetry in an EEG record showing moderately high voltage delta activity, the technologist should use a…

A

shorter time constant and increased sensitivity

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20
Q

Of the following, the BEST choice of reference to be used when recording in suspected temporal lobe epilepsy is:

A

CZ

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21
Q

Which of the following sites is most commonly used for the ground electrode in EEG?

A

FPZ

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22
Q

Gradual changes in amplitude, frequency, or spatial distribution of rhythms is know as:

A

Evolution

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23
Q

What happens when a 60 cycle sine wave is sampled at 100 hertz?

A

Aliasing

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24
Q

If the Low Frequency Filter is changed from 1 Hz to 5 Hz, how will a 2 Hz slow wave be affected?

A

It will be significantly attenuated

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25
Which of the following is not useful in digital EEG recordings?
bio calibration
26
Digital EEG montages are reformatted by using
System reference
27
EEG amplifiers work on the principle of
both differential and amplification
28
Which of the following instruments magnifies the common-mode voltage difference between two inputs?
Differential Amplifier
29
The 60 Hz notch filter will have the greatest effect on a waveform having a duration of
16 msec
30
Clipping of the waveforms occurs when:
the signal is outside the range of the digitizer
31
According to the Guidelines, how many bits of resolution is required?
16
32
A LFF setting of 5 Hz will attenuate a 5 Hz wave by approximately:
0.3
33
The sharpness of the frequency response curve is determined by the filter
rolloff
34
Time Constant
Low Frequency Filter (LFF)
35
The ability of an amplifier to reject like signals.
Common mode rejection
36
Doubling the inter-electrode distances will have what effect on the waveforms?
Increase amplitude
37
Which of the following is not useful in digital EEG recordings?
bio calibration
38
Vertical Resolution
Amplitude
39
Which of the following converts an analog signal into a series of digital binary numbers?
A/D converter
40
Digital EEG montages are reformatted by using
system reference
41
Frequency
Influenced by sampling rate and measured in hertz
42
For low frequency filters (LFFs), the corresponding time constants for LFF cutoff frequency of 3 Hz would be
0.05 sec
43
Which of the following is the most appropriate sampling rate that should be used for a HFF setting of 70 Hz., according to ACNS 2016 Guidelines?
210 p sec
44
The amount by which the differential amplifier increases the magnitude of the input signal is its
Sensitivity
45
Which of the following is the most appropriate sampling rate that should be used for a HFF setting of 70 Hz., according to Nyquist theory?
140 p/sec
46
Which of the following instruments magnifies the common-mode boltage difference between two inputs?
Differential Amplifier
47
In a differential amplifier, if input 1 received a voltage of +50 microvolts and input 2 a voltage of -100 microvolts, the output voltage and deflection would be approximately
150 downward
48
High data sampling rates in a digital EEG machine create
Smooth, connected lines
49
Which mathematically converts the time function into a sine wave of different frequencies?
Fast Fourier Transform
50
Long Time Constant
LFF of .1 Hz
51
Term used to describe the way a signal is sampled at intervals and assined a numberic value:
Sampling Rate
52
Which of the following principles best applies to the EEG amplifiers?
Common mode rejection
53
Common Mode Rejection
Differential amplifier
54
Wigh high frequency filtering, muscle artifact may become distorted and look like
beta activity
55
If the Low Frequency Filter is changed from 1 Hz to 5 Hz, how will a 2 Hz slow wave be affected?
It will be significantly attenuated
56
What percentage of actual amplitude will be visible of 15 Hz wave when using a HFF setting of 15 Hz?
0.7
57
Which of the following settings is most sensitive?
2 uV/mm
58
Clipping of the waveforms occurs when:
The signal is outside the range of the digitizer
59
Which of the following time constants would best display delta activity?
1.0 second
60
Which of the following most closely relates to the ratio of an amplifiers output to input signal?
System Gain
61
Increasing the number of seconds displayed on the monitor
does not change spike amplitude or duration
62
A 0.5 Hz wave is enhanced without affecting a spike by using
LF 0.3 Hz
63
Gradual changes in amplitude, frequency, or spatial distribution of rhythms is know as:
Evolution
64
The waveforms contain frequencies as high as 100 hertz. What is the Nyquist sampling rate?
>200 samples/second
65
Signals common to both inputs of a differential amplifier with like frequency, amplitude and phase are:
Canceled
66
Input impedance shoud be
very high
67
What happens when a 60 cycle sine wave is sampled at 100 hertz?
Aliasing
68
EEG amplifiers work on the principles of
both differential and amplification
69
2016 ACNS guidelines recommends a CMRR of at least:
90 dB
70
What is the specification of the minimum sampling rate used, in relation to the highest frequency signal recorded?
Nyquist theory
71
A time constant of 0.5 sec
High Pass Filter 0.3 Hz
72
All of the following fators favor cancellation of signals in the two inputs of an amplifier, except
unequal impedances in the inputs
73
Frequency Response Curve
Filters
74
Low sampling rate may cause fast frequencies to appear slower.
Aliasing
75
A 0.3 Hz wave would be attenuated by what percentage with a 0.3 Hz filter?
0.3
76
The 60 Hz notch filter will have thegreatest effect on a waveform having a duration of
16msec
77
Undersampling
Aliasing
78
A device that alters the amplitude of specific frequencies of a signal:
Filter
79
Which of the following insturmentation setting change may result in the elimination of cortical spikes?
Change the HFF from 70 Hz to 15 Hz
80
Voltage Resolution
Analog-to-digital converter
81
2016 ACNS Guidelines recommends a minimum horizontal resolution of:
16 bits
82
Which of the following medications would be expected to increase beta frequency activity?
Xanax (alprazolam)
83
What is the most common cause of genralized beta?
medications
84
Which of the following drugs exhibits the most observable effect on the electroencephalogram?
Benzodiazepines
85
A 25 year old female admitted with new onset psychosis was given 3 mg of Ativan prior to EEG recording. How would this medication affect the EEG?
Increased beta activity
86
Excessive beta frequency activity may be the result of which of the following?
Drug effect
87
At the therapeutic levels, phenytoin causes what kind of EEG findings?
No Change
88
Phenobarbital
Beta Activity
89
ORDA is commonly seen in children with
Absence Seizures
90
Bilateral anterior beta activity is MOST likely to occur with
Diazepam
91
Triphasic waves and/or periodic discharges can be present on an EEG due to the toxic effects of which of the following medication?
Lithium
92
What is the most prominent clinical feature of Dilantin toxicity?
Ataxia

R. EEG T. (2 decks)

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