Effects of exercise

Question 1

Short term effects of exercise on the MUSCULAR SYSTEM

Answer 1

-increased muscle temperature
-increased lactic acid build up- muscle fatigue

Question 2

short term effects of exercise on the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Answer 2

-increased tidal volume
-increased respiratory rate
-increased minute ventilation
(more oxygen taken in for working muscles)

Question 3

oxygen debt

Answer 3

if your muscles are fatigued, they need oxygen to remove lactic acid and recover- the amount needed is oxygen debt
-breathing rate and depth remains higher after periods of exercise to ‘repay oxygen debt’

Question 4

short term effects of exercise on the CARDIOVASCUAR SYSTEM

Answer 4

-heart rate increases
-stroke volume increases
-cardiac output increases
more co2 can be removed, more oxygen can move to working muscles

Question 5

redistribution of blood flow during exercise

Answer 5

-vasoconstriction
-vasodilation
-vascular shunt mechanism

Question 6

long term effect of exercise on the SKELETAL SYSTEM

Answer 6

-increased bone density due to force put through bones with exercise
-reduces risk of injury

Question 7

long term effects of exercise on the MUSCULAR SYSTEM

Answer 7

-Muscle hypertrophy; increased strength of tendons and ligaments
-increased muscular strength
-increased muscular endurance
-increased speed of contraction
-increased resistance to fatigue

Question 8

long term effects of exercise on the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

Answer 8

-cardiac hypertrophy
-lower resting heart rate
-larger stroke volume
-increased cardiac output
-increased number of red blood cells
-capillarisation

Question 9

long term effects of exercise on the RESPIRATORY STYSTEM

Answer 9

-respiratory muscles get stronger- larger chest cavity
-alveoli number increases
-increased tidal volume and minute volume during exercise
-lower breathing rate

Question 10

aerobic capacity

Answer 10

the body’s ability to get oxygen to the muscles