Effects Of Lesions Flashcards
(29 cards)
What effect does a lesion to the medial lemniscus have?
Contralateral proprioception/2 pt hemianesthesia to the body
What effect does a lesion to the trigeminal lemniscus have?
Contralateral hemianalgesia to the face (loss of sensibility to pain)
What effect does a lesion to the spinal lemniscus have?
Contralateral hemianalgesia to body (loss of sensibility to pain)
What effect does a lesion to the corticospinal tracts have?
Contralateral spastic hemiplegia, and supranuclear facial palsy
Where is the pineal body located?
Adjacent to the vein of Galen and posterior commissure
What effect does a lesion to the posterior commissure have?
Loss of consensual light reflex
What effect does a lesion to the pretectum area have?
Argyll-Robertson pupil -> pupils are unreactive to light but constrict during accommodation
**Typically due to syphilis infection
What effect does a lesion to the red nucleus have?
Tremors, spasticity
What effect does a lesion to the substantia nigra have?
Parkinson’s disease
What effect does a lesion to the lateral lemniscus have?
Bilateral decrease in hearing, more prominent contralateral to lesion
What effect does a lesion to the medial longitudinal fasciculus have?
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
What effect does a lesion to the corticobulbar tract have?
Supranuclear facial palsy
What effect does a lesion to the middle cerebellar peduncle (brachium pontis) have?
Loss of pontocerebellar tract
What effect does a lesion to the descending nucleus and tract have?
Unilateral hemianalgesia (loss of sensibility to pain) and thermal hemianesthesia to face
What effect does a lesion to the cochlear nerve have?
Ipsilateral deafness
What effect does a lesion to the vestibular nerve have?
Ipsilateral vestibular disturbances
WHere does the inferior olivary nucleus project olivocerebellar fibers to?
Cerebellum
Where do the fastigial nucleus and globose nucleus recieve efferents from?
Vestibulocerebellum
What effect does a lesion to the emboliform nucleus or the dentate nucleus have?
Intention tremor (AKA cerebellar tremor)
The inferior olivary nucleus receives the ____________________ and projects _______________ fibers
Central tegmental fasciculus; olivocerebellar
What does information does the inferior cerebellar peduncle convey and where does it convey it to?
Primarily unconscious sensory (body & face) and vestibular input to the cerebellar nuclei and cerebellar cortex
4 clinically important tracts in the brainstem consistently course in the same region of each division or level of the brainstem. The motor tract (CST) always courses in the __________ portion of the brainstem, pain/temp (SL) fibers in the ____________ region, proprio/2-pt (ML) in the ____________ region and vestibular fibers (MLF) in the _______________ region adjacent to the ventricular system
Anterior (motor); anterolateral (pain/temp); mid-central (proprio/2pt); postero-median (vestibular)
What effect does a lesion to the dorsal roots of the spinal cord have?
Anesthesia of the corresponding sensory dermatome or diminished motor reflexes including muscle toxicity
What effect does a lesion to the fasciculus gracilis (posterior column) have?
Ipsilateral proprio/2pt tactile anesthesia of the LE
