Effects of Strokes

Question 1

What does MCA supply?

Answer 1

Motor cortex (UE and face), sensory cortex (UE and face), temporal lobe (Wernicke’s) and frontal lobe (Broca’s)

Question 2

What does the ACA supply?

Answer 2

Motor cortex (LE), sensory cortex (LE)

Question 3

What does the lateral striate artery supply?

Answer 3

Striatum, internal capsule

Question 4

What supplies the LCST?

Answer 4

ASA

Question 5

What supplies the lateral medulla?

Answer 5

PICA

Question 6

What does the AICA supply?

Answer 6

Lateral pons

Question 7

What does the PCA supply?

Answer 7

Occipital cortex, visual cortex

Question 8

What supplies the medial lemniscus?

Answer 8

ASA

Question 9

What supplies the caudal medulla including the hypoglossal nerve?

Answer 9

ASA

Question 10

Where do saccular (berry) aneurysms usually occur?

Answer 10

AComm and PComm

Question 11

What artery when affected causes aphasia?

Answer 11

MCA (usually left hemisphere–dominant)

Question 12

What if the right temporal lobe is affected due to stroke of the MCA?

Answer 12

Hemineglect (nondominant hemisphere)

Question 13

What is a common location of lacunar infarcts secondary to unmanaged HTN?

Answer 13

Lateral striate artery

Question 14

What artery causes medial medullary syndrome?

Answer 14

Infarct of paramedian branches of ASA and vertebral arteries

Question 15

What artery causes lateral medullary (Wallenberg’s) syndrome?

Answer 15

PICA

Question 16

What artery causes lateral pontine syndrome?

Answer 16

AICA

Question 17

What causes contralateral hemiparesis and hemiplegia?

Answer 17

Stroke in the internal capsule

Question 18

Nucleus ambiguus effects are specific to what kind of lesions?

Answer 18

PICA

Question 19

Facial nucleus effects are specific to what kind of lesions?

Answer 19

AICA

Question 20

What causes contralateral hemianopia with macular sparing?

Answer 20

PCA

Question 21

What symptoms occur as a result of AComm occlusion?

Answer 21

Bitemporal hemianopia

Question 22

What causes CN III palsy?

Answer 22

PComm

Question 23

What supplies only the inferior cerebellar peduncle?

Answer 23

PICA

Question 24

What supplies the middle and inferior cerebellar peduncles?

Answer 24

AICA

Question 25

Vomiting, nystagmus, vertigo, ataxia and dysmetria?

Answer 25

PICA and AICA

Question 26

Ipsilateral Horner's syndrome?

Answer 26

PICA and AICA

Question 27

Dysphagia, hoarseness, decreased gag reflex?

Answer 27

PICA

Question 28

Medial medullary syndrome?

Answer 28

1) CST (contralateral hemiparesis) 2) ML (contralateral loss of proprioception) 3) Ipsilateral CN XII paralysis

Question 29

Lateral medullary syndrome?

Answer 29

1) CN V nucleus (ipsilateral loss of pain/temp) 2) LSTT (contralateral loss of pain/temp) 3) Nucleus ambiguus (dysphagia and hoarseness) 4) Dorsolateral quandrant of medulla and inferior cerebellum 5) Ipsilateral Horner's

Question 30

Benedikt's?

Answer 30

1) Ipsilateral CN III paralysis 2) Red nucleus (contralateral cerebellar dystaxia with intention tremor) 3) ML (contralateral loss of proprioception)

Question 31

Weber's?

Answer 31

1) Ipsilateral CN III paralysis | 2) CBT (contralateral paralysis of lower face), 3) CST (contralateral hemiparesis)

Question 32

Jugular foramen (Vernet) syndrome?

Answer 32

CN IX, X, and XI affected--loss of gag reflex, laryngeal paralysis (hoarseness), weakness of SCM and trapezius (shoulder drop)

Question 33

What makes up the striatum?

Answer 33

1) Putamen (motor) 2) Caudate (cognitive) (Site of dopamine receptors--where drugs act)

Question 34

What makes up the lentiform?

Answer 34

1) Putamen | 2) Globus pallidus

Question 35

Lateral pontine syndrome?

Answer 35

1) Facial paralysis, facial nerve palsy 2) Vomiting, vertigo, nystagmus 3) Loss of pain and temp on face 4) Ipsilateral loss of hearing 5) Ipsilateral Horner's 6) Ataxia and dysmetria