EGS Pippin 2. Evolutionary Concepts Flashcards
(6 cards)
Classification of Organisms
(1)
↓
(2)
↓
(3)
↓
(4)
↓
(5)
↓
(6)
↓
(7)
(1). Kingdom
↓
(2). Phylum
↓
(3). Class
↓
(4). Order
↓
(5). Family
↓
(6). Genus
↓
(7). Species
e.g. Animal; Chordate; mammal; primate; hominid; homo; Homo Sapien
The Organisation of Life:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
not NB
- Solar System
- Earth
- Biome
- Ecosystem
- Community
- Population
- Individual
- Organ
- Cell
- Molecule
- Atom
Darwin’s theory of evolution
- (1) Based on
- (2) () refers to when () occur & the () changes, that (), ().
- (3) Over time, () accumulate into ()
- (4) This is always a () of (), where what () is () specific.
- (5) The role of () makes this a frequently () & () process.
- (1) Based on the principle of ‘decent with modification’
- (2) Decent with modification refers to when random genetic mutations occur & the favourable changes, that aid survival, remain (are selected).
- (3) Over time, beneficial mutations accumulate into new species.
- (4) This is always a function of circumstances, where what aids survival is context specific.
- (5) The role of context makes this a frequently geographical & spatial process.
Name the 2 patterns of evolution/types of speciation:
(1)
(2)
- Anagenesis - smooth/gradual evolution into a new species; no branching (A->B), e.g. modern horse
- Cladogenesis - branched evolution; splitting of lineages (A, B, C), e.g. Darwin’s finches
Mechanisms of Speciation P1/2
(1)
(2)
(3)
just name
(1) Allopatric Speciation
(2) Parapatric Speciation
(3) Peripatric Speciation
Mechanisms of Speciation P2/2
(1) Allopatric Speciation:
(2) Parapatric Speciation:
(3) Peripatric Speciation:
(1) Formation of new species due to the physical separation of pops. by a geographical barrier
(2) Occurs when pops. separated by an extreme change in habitat or environment -> partial reproductive isolation.
(3) Occurs when a small group of individuals becomes isolated at the periphery of the species’ range.
