Eicosanoids

Question 1

List 6 physiologically important prostaglandins and thromboxanes:

Answer 1

PGD2, PGI2, PGE1, PGE2, PGF2a, TXA2

Question 2

List 6 physiologically important Leukotrienes:

Answer 2

LTA4, LTB4, LTF4;

LTC4, LTD4, LTE4

Question 3

PGD2:

Answer 3

Abundant in brain, mast, and fat cells. Involved with allergy-induced asthma, sleep and body temperature, contraction of bronchial tubes, inhibition of platelet aggregation and vasodilation

Question 4

PGI2:

Answer 4

Abundant in endothelial cells, such as those lining blood vessels. Inhibit platelet aggregation, vasodilation, and bronchodilation, and decreases stomach acid secretion.

Question 5

PGE1:

Answer 5

Abundant in blood vessels. Target of some drugs treating erectile dysfunction.

Question 6

PGE2:

Answer 6

Abundant in kidney, intestine, lung, uterus, and others. Involved with pain, fever, inflammation; usually used topically to soften cervix in preparation for labor

Question 7

PGF2a:

Answer 7

Abundant in uterus and bronchi. Cause uterine contractions and bronchial contraction; used to induce labor

Question 8

TXA2:

Answer 8

Abundant in platelets and blood vessels. Cause platelet aggregation and increased blood pressure.

Question 9

LTA4, LTB4, LTF4:

Answer 9

Abundant in mast cells, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils. Promote inflammation in lung and other tissues.

Question 10

LTC4, LTD4, LTE4:

Answer 10

Abundant in mast cells and basophils. Involved in anaphylactic reaction including prolonged constriction of bronchi.

Question 11

Cortisone and its derivatives promote the synthesis of _____, which is an inhibitor of _____

Answer 11

Promote synthesis if lipocortin (annexin-1). This is an inhibitor of phospholipase A2’s action on membrane bound phospholipids.