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Ekg Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the P-wave represent in a cardiac cycle?

A

Atrial depolarization

The P-wave is associated with the electrical activity that triggers atrial contraction.

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2
Q

What is the PR interval?

A

The time between atrial depolarization and ventricular depolarization

This interval measures the time it takes for the electrical impulse to travel from the atria to the ventricles.

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3
Q

What does the QRS interval represent?

A

Ventricular depolarization

The QRS complex indicates the electrical activity that leads to ventricular contraction.

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4
Q

What does the T-wave signify in a cardiac cycle?

A

Ventricular repolarization

The T-wave reflects the process of the ventricles relaxing and refilling with blood.

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5
Q

Fill in the blank: DEpolarization = _______.

A

DEcompressing

This term refers to the process during which the heart chambers prepare for the next phase of contraction.

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6
Q

Fill in the blank: REpolarization = _______.

A

RElaxing & REfilling with blood

This process is crucial for the heart to regain its resting state and prepare for the next heartbeat.

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7
Q

What does the term ‘contracting’ refer to in cardiac physiology?

A

The process of the heart chambers tightening to pump blood

This occurs during depolarization when the heart muscle receives electrical signals.

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8
Q

What is the significance of the term ‘endocr’ in the context of cardiac function?

A

It refers to endocrine influences on heart function

Hormones can significantly affect heart rate and contractility.

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9
Q

True or False: The T-wave is associated with atrial contraction.

A

False

The T-wave is related to ventricular repolarization, not atrial contraction.

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10
Q

What is the primary function of the cardiac cycle’s depolarization phase?

A

To initiate contraction of the heart chambers

This phase is essential for effective blood pumping.

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11
Q

What does ‘relaxing’ refer to in the context of cardiac physiology?

A

The phase when the heart muscle relaxes after contraction

This allows the heart chambers to refill with blood.

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12
Q

What is the normal heart rate range for Nermal Sinus Rhythm?

A

60 - 100 bpm

bpm stands for beats per minute.

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13
Q

What is the rhythm characteristic of Nermal Sinus Rhythm?

A

Regular

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14
Q

How do P-waves appear in Nermal Sinus Rhythm?

A

Upright & uniform before each QRS

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15
Q

What is the PR interval in Nermal Sinus Rhythm?

A

Normal

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16
Q

What is the QRS complex in Nermal Sinus Rhythm?

A

Normal

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17
Q

What is Sinus Bradycardia?

A

The sinus node creates an impulse at a slower than-normal rate.

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18
Q

What are some causes of Sinus Bradycardia?

A
  • Lower metabolic needs
  • Sleep
  • Athletic training
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Vagal stimulation
  • Certain medications: calcium channel blockers, beta blockers, amiodarone
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19
Q

Is it normal for athletes to have a low resting heart rate?

A

Yes

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20
Q

What is Sinus Tachycardia?

A

The sinus node creates an impulse at a faster-than-normal rate.

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21
Q

What is the heart rate in Sinus Tachycardia?

A

> 100 bpm

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22
Q

What are some causes of Sinus Tachycardia?

A
  • Physiological or psychological stress
  • Blood loss
  • Fever
  • Exercise
  • Dehydration
  • Infection
  • Sepsis
  • Heart failure
  • Cardiac tamponade
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Certain medications: stimulants (caffeine, nicotine), illicit drugs (cocaine, amphetamines), drugs that stimulate sympathetic response (epinephrine, beta-2 agonists)
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23
Q

What is the treatment for Sinus Tachycardia?

A
  • Correct the underlying cause
  • Return heart rate to normal
  • IV Atropine 0.5 mg every 3-5 min (up to 3 mg max)
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24
Q

What is the rhythm characteristic of Sinus Tachycardia?

A

Regular

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25
How do P-waves appear in Sinus Tachycardia?
Upright & uniform before each QRS
26
What is the PR interval in Sinus Tachycardia?
Normal
27
What is the QRS complex in Sinus Tachycardia?
Normal
28
What is Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)?
A rapid heart rhythm originating from the ventricles, generally between 100 - 250 bpm ## Footnote VT is characterized by irregular, coarse waveforms and no cardiac output.
29
What are the key characteristics of the QRS complex in Ventricular Tachycardia?
Wide (like tombstones) > 0.12 seconds ## Footnote The appearance of the QRS complex is a crucial diagnostic feature of VT.
30
What causes Ventricular Tachycardia?
* Myocardial ischemia/infarction * Electrolyte imbalances * Digoxin toxicity * Stimulants: caffeine & methamphetamine ## Footnote Identifying the cause is essential for effective treatment.
31
What are the common manifestations of Ventricular Tachycardia?
* Usually awake (unlike V-fib) * Chest pain * Lethargy * Anxiety * Syncope * Palpitations * No cardiac output ## Footnote Symptoms may vary, but the absence of cardiac output is critical.
32
What is the treatment for a stable patient with Ventricular Tachycardia who has a pulse?
* Oxygen * Antiarrhythmics (e.g., Amiodarone) * Synchronized cardioversion ## Footnote Synchronized cardioversion is crucial and differs from defibrillation.
33
What should be done for an unstable patient without a pulse due to Ventricular Tachycardia?
* CPR * ACLS protocol for defibrillation * Possible intubation * Drug therapy (e.g., Epinephrine, vasopressin, amiodarone) ## Footnote This is also referred to as pulseless V-Tach, which requires immediate intervention.
34
True or False: In Ventricular Tachycardia, P-waves are visible.
False ## Footnote P-waves are typically not visible in VT.
35
Fill in the blank: Ventricular Tachycardia may lead to _______.
[Ventricular Fibrillation] ## Footnote Untreated VT can progress to life-threatening conditions.
36
What is the heart rate range for Ventricular Tachycardia?
100 - 250 bpm ## Footnote This rapid rate is a defining characteristic of VT.
37
What is the rhythm pattern of Ventricular Tachycardia?
Regular ## Footnote While the heart rate is high, the rhythm remains regular.
38
What is Atrial Fibrillation (A-FIB)?
A condition characterized by irregular R-R intervals and quivering in both atriums ## Footnote A-FIB is a type of arrhythmia and can lead to various complications.
39
What is the typical heart rate in Atrial Fibrillation?
Usually greater than 100 bpm ## Footnote A-FIB can present with a rapid heart rate due to uncoordinated electrical activity.
40
What are the characteristics of the P-wave in Atrial Fibrillation?
None; fibrillatory waves may exist, but these are not P-waves ## Footnote The absence of P-waves is a key diagnostic feature of A-FIB.
41
What is the typical rhythm observed in Atrial Fibrillation?
Irregular ## Footnote A-FIB is marked by an irregular rhythm due to chaotic electrical impulses.
42
What are common manifestations of Atrial Fibrillation?
Asymptomatic, shortness of breath, fatigue, tachycardia, malaise, anxiety, dizziness, palpitations ## Footnote Many patients may not experience symptoms, but when they do, these are the most common.
43
What are some endocrine causes of Atrial Fibrillation?
Open heart surgery, heart failure, COPD, hypertension, ischemic heart disease ## Footnote Various conditions can trigger A-FIB, particularly those affecting the heart and lungs.
44
What is the treatment for a stable patient with Atrial Fibrillation?
Oxygen, drug therapy (beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, digoxin, amiodarone), anticoagulant therapy ## Footnote The goal is to manage symptoms and prevent complications such as blood clots.
45
What is the risk associated with the pooling of blood in Atrial Fibrillation?
Increased risk for blood clots, myocardial infarction (MI), pulmonary embolism (PE), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), deep vein thrombosis (DVT) ## Footnote This pooling occurs due to the quivering motion of the atria.
46
What is the primary treatment for an unstable patient with Atrial Fibrillation?
Oxygen, cardioversion ## Footnote Cardioversion is synchronized with the QRS wave to restore normal rhythm.
47
True or False: Cardioversion is the same as defibrillation.
False ## Footnote Cardioversion is used for A-FIB, while defibrillation is reserved for life-threatening arrhythmias.
48
Fill in the blank: The atrial quiver causes _______ of blood in the heart.
pooling ## Footnote Pooling increases the risk of thrombus formation and subsequent embolic events.
49
What do Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs) depend on?
Depends on the underlying rhythm
50
How is the rhythm characterized in PVCs?
Regular but interrupted due to early P-waves
51
What may happen to the P-wave during a PVC?
Visible but depends on the timing of the PVC (may be hidden)
52
What is the normal range for the PR interval in PVCs?
0.12-0.20 seconds
53
Describe the QRS complex during a PVC.
Sharp, bizarre, and abnormal
54
List some common causes of PVCs.
* Heart failure * Cardiomyopathy * Electrolyte imbalances * Myocardial ischemia/infarction * Drug toxicity * Caffeine, tobacco, alcohol * Stress or pain
55
What are the patterns of PVCs called when they occur in specific sequences?
* Bigeminy: every other beat * Trigeminy: every 3rd beat * Quadrigeminy: every 4th beat
56
What is the R-on-T phenomenon in relation to PVCs?
PVC arises spontaneously from the repolarization gradient (T-wave) & may precipitate V-fib
57
What is the recommended treatment for PVCs?
Treatment is based on underlying cause
58
What should be administered if a patient has PVCs?
* Administer oxygen * Correct electrolyte imbalances * D/C or adjust the drug causing toxicity
59
What are some manifestations of PVCs?
* May be asymptomatic * Feels like heart skipped a beat * Is pounding * Chest pain
60
When should a healthcare provider be notified regarding PVCs?
If the patient complains of chest pain, if the PVC increases in frequency, or if the PVC occurs on the T-wave (R-on-T phenomenon)
61
What is Asystole?
A non-shockable rhythm characterized by a flatline
62
List some common causes of Asystole.
* Myocardial ischemia/infarction * Heart failure * Electrolyte imbalances (common: hypo/hyperkalemia) * Severe acidosis * Cardiac tamponade * Illicit drug overdose
63
What is the recommended treatment for Asystole?
High-quality CPR
64
What are the steps for performing high-quality CPR?
* Heel of hand on center of chest * Arms straight * Shoulders aligned over hands * Compress at 2-2.4 inches * Rate of 100-120 per minute * 30 compressions to 2 rescue breaths * Minimal interruptions
65
What is Atrial Flutter?
A condition where the heart's electrical signals spread through the atria, causing them to beat too quickly but at a regular rhythm. ## Footnote Atrial flutter is similar to A-fib but has distinct characteristics in rhythm.
66
What are the common causes of Atrial Flutter?
* Coronary artery disease (CAD) * Hyperthyroidism * Hypertension * Chronic lung disease * Heart failure * Pulmonary embolism * Valvular disease * Cardiomyopathy ## Footnote These conditions can lead to disturbances in heart rhythm.
67
What is the typical heart rate range for Atrial Flutter?
75-150 bpm.
68
How is the rhythm characterized in Atrial Flutter?
Usually regular.
69
What is the appearance of the P-wave in Atrial Flutter?
'Sawtooth'-shaped flutter waves.
70
What is the PR interval in Atrial Flutter?
Unable to measure.
71
What is the QRS complex like in Atrial Flutter?
Usually normal and upright.
72
What are some common manifestations of Atrial Flutter?
* May be asymptomatic * Low blood pressure * Fatigue/syncope * Palpitations * Chest pain * Dizziness * Shortness of breath ## Footnote Symptoms can vary widely among individuals.
73
What treatment is recommended for stable patients with Atrial Flutter?
* Drug therapy * Calcium channel blockers * Antiarrhythmics * Anticoagulants ## Footnote These medications help manage heart rhythm and prevent clot formation.
74
What is the risk associated with Atrial Flutter?
Pooling of blood in the atria, leading to a risk for clots.
75
What is the first-line treatment for unstable patients with Atrial Flutter?
Cardioversion.
76
What distinguishes cardioversion from defibrillation?
Cardioversion is synchronized with the QRS wave; defibrillation is used for deadly rhythms.
77
What is Ventricular Fibrillation (V-FIB)?
A rapid, disorganized pattern of electrical activity in the ventricle with impulses arising from many different foci.
78
What are the common causes of Ventricular Fibrillation?
* Cardiac injury * Medication toxicity * Electrolyte imbalances * Untreated ventricular tachycardia ## Footnote These factors can disrupt normal heart rhythms and lead to critical situations.
79
What are the manifestations of Ventricular Fibrillation?
* Loss of consciousness * May not have a pulse or blood pressure * Respirations may stop * Cardiac arrest ## Footnote V-FIB is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention.
80
What is the rate and rhythm of Ventricular Fibrillation?
Unknown rate; chaotic and irregular rhythm.
81
What is the appearance of the P-wave, PR interval, and QRS complex in Ventricular Fibrillation?
Not visible.
82
What is the primary treatment for Ventricular Fibrillation?
* CPR * Oxygen * Defibrillation (follow ACLS protocol) * Possible intubation * Drug therapy (Epinephrine, antiarrhythmics) * Possibly magnesium ## Footnote Immediate response is critical to restore normal heart function.
83
What is Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)?
A condition characterized by a heart rate greater than 100 bpm, often between 180-220 bpm, with a regular rhythm and narrow QRS complex. ## Footnote SVT occurs due to abnormal electrical activity above the ventricles and AV node.
84
What is the typical heart rate range for Supraventricular Tachycardia?
> 100 bpm (often 180-220 bpm) ## Footnote This indicates a rapid heart rate that can lead to various symptoms.
85
What is the rhythm characteristic of SVT?
Regular ## Footnote The regular rhythm distinguishes SVT from other types of tachycardia.
86
What is the status of P-waves in SVT?
None ## Footnote The absence of P-waves makes it difficult to identify the PR interval.
87
What is the duration of the QRS complex in SVT?
Narrow (< 0.12 seconds) ## Footnote A narrow QRS complex indicates that the electrical impulses are originating above the ventricles.
88
What does 'SUPRA' refer to in Supraventricular Tachycardia?
Above ## Footnote This indicates the origin of the abnormal electrical activity in SVT.
89
List two common causes of Supraventricular Tachycardia.
* Accessory electrical pathway * Reentering of electrical signals from ventricles to atria ## Footnote Other causes can include high stress levels and electrolyte imbalances.
90
What is Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome?
A condition that can cause Supraventricular Tachycardia due to an extra electrical pathway. ## Footnote It is characterized by a rapid heartbeat and may require specific treatments.
91
What are the manifestations of SVT?
* Hypotension (low BP) * Shortness of breath * Dizziness * Chest discomfort ## Footnote These symptoms result from decreased perfusion.
92
What is Paroxysmal SVT?
A type of SVT that occurs intermittently with normal sinus rhythm in between. ## Footnote This means the rapid heart rate starts and stops suddenly.
93
What is the Valsalva maneuver used for in SVT treatment?
A non-pharmacological treatment to help restore normal heart rhythm. ## Footnote It involves holding one's breath and bearing down, similar to having a bowel movement.
94
What is a vagal maneuver in the context of SVT?
Techniques that activate the parasympathetic nervous system to relax the heart. ## Footnote Examples include carotid massage and applying cold water or ice to the face.
95
What is the first-line treatment for stable patients with SVT?
Vagal maneuvers ## Footnote If these do not work, pharmacological treatments may be considered.
96
What are the ABCDs of SVTs?
* Adenosine * Beta-Blockers * Cardiac Ablation * Digoxin ## Footnote These are treatment options for SVT, especially when non-pharmacological methods fail.
97
What is the recommended treatment for unstable patients with SVT?
Synchronized cardioversion ## Footnote This is an emergency procedure used to restore normal rhythm in patients presenting with severe symptoms.
98
What are P waves?
Electrical impulses in the heart that precede the QRS complex. ## Footnote P waves represent atrial depolarization.
99
What is the relationship between P waves and QRS complexes?
One P wave for every QRS complex. ## Footnote This indicates a normal conduction pathway.
100
What does the PR Interval represent?
The time from the start of the P wave to the start of the QRS complex. ## Footnote It reflects the conduction time through the atria and AV node.
101
What is the normal duration for a PR Interval?
0.20 seconds or less.
102
What does it indicate if the PR Interval is greater than 0.20 seconds?
1 degree AV block.
103
What are QRS complexes?
The electrical impulses that represent ventricular depolarization. ## Footnote QRS complexes indicate the contraction of the ventricles.
104
What is the relationship between Q waves and P waves?
One Q wave for every P wave.
105
What is the QRS Interval?
The time from the start of the Q wave to the end of the S wave.
106
What is the normal duration for a QRS Interval?
0.12 seconds or less.
107
What does it indicate if the QRS Interval is greater than 0.12 seconds?
Bundle Branch Block.
108
What does the T wave represent?
Ventricular repolarization.
109
How is the T wave typically characterized?
Upright and can be peaked or dull/flat.
110
What does a dull/flat T wave indicate?
Emergence of a U wave.
111
What is the QT Interval?
The time from the start of the Q wave to the end of the T wave.
112
What is the normal duration for a QT Interval?
0.44 seconds or less.
113
What is bradycardia?
A slow heart rate, often defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. ## Footnote Bradycardia may result from various factors including Valsalva maneuver, gagging, vomiting, suctioning, hypoxia, and certain medications.
114
List some signs and symptoms of bradycardia.
* Pale, cool skin * Weakness * Syncope * Confusion * Shortness of breath * Hypotension ## Footnote These symptoms indicate the body's inadequate response to low heart rate.
115
What is the primary treatment for symptomatic bradycardia?
Atropine sulfate and oxygen. ## Footnote Atropine is administered intravenously at a dosage of 0.5 mg every 3-5 minutes, with a maximum total dose of 3 mg.
116
True or False: Atropine sulfate is administered only if the patient with bradycardia is asymptomatic.
False. ## Footnote Atropine sulfate is only administered if the patient is symptomatic.
117
Fill in the blank: The maximum dose of IV Atropine that can be administered for bradycardia is _______.
3 mg ## Footnote The dosing schedule is 0.5 mg every 3-5 minutes.
118
What additional interventions may be necessary if bradycardia persists?
Temporary pacing or permanent pacemaker. ## Footnote These interventions may be required if the patient does not respond to atropine.
119
What are some underlying causes of Atrial Fibrillation?
• Underlying heart disease • Hyperthyroidism • Caffeine • Stress • Electrolyte imbalances • Transient after open heart surgery ## Footnote These factors can contribute to the onset of Atrial Fibrillation.
120
What is the atrial rate in Atrial Fibrillation according to an ECG?
350-600 bpm ## Footnote The ventricular response is often greater than 100 bpm.
121
What are the common symptoms of Atrial Fibrillation?
• Can be asymptomatic • Decreased cardiac output • Heart failure • Risk for clots ## Footnote These symptoms can vary significantly among individuals.
122
True or False: Atrial Fibrillation can lead to the formation of blood clots in the heart.
True ## Footnote Blood clots can form due to turbulent blood flow associated with Atrial Fibrillation.
123
Fill in the blank: Atrial Fibrillation can cause _______ in the heart.
[blood clot] ## Footnote The formation of blood clots can increase the risk of stroke.
124
What is Atrial Fibrillation?
An irregular heart rhythm ## Footnote Atrial Fibrillation (Afib) is characterized by rapid and chaotic electrical signals in the heart.
125
What is the difference between unstable and stable Atrial Fibrillation?
Unstable: Edison before Medicine; Stable: Medicine before Edison ## Footnote 'Edison before Medicine' refers to the need for immediate intervention, while 'Medicine before Edison' indicates a more controlled approach.
126
What is the joule range for synchronized cardioversion?
50-100 Joules ## Footnote This range is typically used to restore normal heart rhythm in Atrial Fibrillation.
127
List the medications used for stable Atrial Fibrillation.
* Amiodarone * Calcium Channel Blockers * Digoxin * Beta Blockers ## Footnote These medications help control heart rate and rhythm in patients with stable Afib.
128
What is elective cardioversion?
A planned procedure to restore normal heart rhythm ## Footnote Elective cardioversion is often scheduled in advance rather than performed in an emergency.
129
What does EPS stand for in the context of Atrial Fibrillation treatment?
Electrophysiological Study ## Footnote EPS is used to assess the electrical activity of the heart and guide treatment options.
130
What is ablation in the context of Atrial Fibrillation?
A procedure to destroy abnormal heart tissue causing Afib ## Footnote Ablation aims to eliminate the source of electrical disturbances in the heart.
131
Fill in the blank: Cardioversion pads are placed on the _______ and _______.
chest and back ## Footnote Proper placement of pads is crucial for effective cardioversion.
132
What is the purpose of a cardioversion machine?
To deliver an electric shock to restore normal heart rhythm ## Footnote The machine is used during the cardioversion procedure.
133
True or False: Cardioversion can be performed both as an emergency and an elective procedure.
True ## Footnote Cardioversion may be indicated in urgent situations or planned as part of ongoing treatment.
134
What is the typical outcome of successful cardioversion?
Normal Heart Rhythm ## Footnote The goal of cardioversion is to revert the heart's electrical activity to a normal pattern.
135
What is the left ventricle responsible for?
Pumping oxygenated blood to the body ## Footnote The left ventricle is one of the four chambers of the heart.
136
What conduction pathway connects the left and right ventricles?
Left bundle branch and right bundle branch ## Footnote These branches are part of the heart's electrical conduction system.
137
Define Supraventricular Tachycardia.
A rapid heart rate originating above the ventricles ## Footnote It involves abnormal electrical activity in the atria or atrioventricular node.
138
What is the first line of treatment for unstable Supraventricular Tachycardia?
Cardioversion ## Footnote This is usually done using synchronized electric shock.
139
What energy level is typically used for synchronized cardioversion in Supraventricular Tachycardia?
50-100 Joules ## Footnote The exact amount may vary based on the patient's condition.
140
What is the initial medication used for stable Supraventricular Tachycardia?
Adenosine 6 mg IVP ## Footnote Adenosine is administered to help restore normal heart rhythm.
141
Fill in the blank: For stable Supraventricular Tachycardia, the sequence is _______ before Edison.
Medicine ## Footnote 'Edison' refers to electrical intervention, while 'Medicine' indicates pharmacological treatment.
142
How much adenosine can be administered as a second dose?
12 mg IVP (prn) ## Footnote 'prn' means as needed, indicating it can be repeated based on the patient's response.
143
What additional procedures may be considered for Supraventricular Tachycardia if medical management fails?
EPS / Ablation ## Footnote EPS stands for Electrophysiological Study, and ablation is a procedure to destroy abnormal electrical pathways.
144
What is the first step in treating Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)?
Assess first!
145
What should be done if a patient with Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) is pulseless?
Defibrillate!
146
What is the joule setting for a monophasic defibrillator?
360 joules
147
What is the joule range for a biphasic defibrillator?
120-200 joules
148
What medication is given as a bolus for Amiodarone in Ventricular Tachycardia treatment?
300mg bolus
149
What is the additional dose of Amiodarone that can be given if needed?
150 mg bolus
150
What is the recommended dosage of IV Epinephrine for Ventricular Tachycardia?
1 mg every 3-5 minutes
151
True or False: Synchronized mode should be on when defibrillating for pulseless VT.
False
152
Fill in the blank: For pulseless VT, use _______ mode off for defibrillation.
Synchronized
153
What is the primary treatment step for ventricular fibrillation if the patient is pulseless?
Defibrillate! ## Footnote Assess the patient's condition before proceeding with defibrillation.
154
What setting should be off during defibrillation for ventricular fibrillation?
Synchronized mode ## Footnote Defibrillation for ventricular fibrillation requires delivering a shock without synchronization.
155
What is the energy setting for a monophasic defibrillator used in ventricular fibrillation?
360 joules ## Footnote Monophasic defibrillators deliver a single shock at this energy level.
156
What is the energy range for a biphasic defibrillator in treating ventricular fibrillation?
120-200 joules ## Footnote Biphasic defibrillators can vary their energy delivery within this range.
157
What medication can be administered as a bolus for ventricular fibrillation?
Amiodarone 300mg bolus ## Footnote A second bolus of 150 mg may be given if needed.
158
How often should IV Epinephrine be administered during the treatment of ventricular fibrillation?
Every 3-5 minutes ## Footnote Epinephrine is administered to improve coronary perfusion pressure.
159
Fill in the blank: For ventricular fibrillation, the first treatment step is to assess the patient and if pulseless, to _______.
Defibrillate! ## Footnote This is a critical intervention for restoring a normal heart rhythm.
160
What is cardiac asystole?
A state of no cardiac electrical activity, resulting in no contractions of the myocardium and no blood flow.
161
Which lead is typically monitored for cardiac asystole?
Lead II.
162
What is the standard paper speed for ECGs used in monitoring?
25 mm/sec.
163
What is the standard voltage calibration for ECGs?
10 mm/mV.
164
What should be done first when a client shows signs of asystole?
Check the client.
165
What should you do if asystole is suspected in one lead?
Look at another lead.
166
What is the recommended treatment for cardiac asystole?
CPR and Epinephrine 1 mg IVP every 3-5 min.
167
Fill in the blank: Epinephrine should be administered at a dose of _______ in the case of cardiac asystole.
1 mg IVP every 3-5 min.

Med Surg 2 (15 decks)

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