EKG

Question 1

What do the small verticle lines represent

Answer 1

0.04 sec

Question 2

What do the bold verticle lines represent

Answer 2

0.2 seconds

Question 3

Isoelectric line

Answer 3

when positive and negative deflections are equal/cancel each other out

Question 4

P wave

Answer 4

atrial myocyte depolarization, positive deflection, SA node depolarization NOT visual (hidden by QRS)

Question 5

PR segement

Answer 5

plateau phase of atrical myocytes through AV node activity, NOT visual

Question 6

PR intervel

Answer 6

time between start of P wave and start of QRS complex

Question 7

What is a normal PR intervel

Answer 7

0.12 to .2 seconds (4-5 small boxes)

Question 8

QRS complex

Answer 8

ventricular mycocyte depolarzation

Question 9

What is a normal QRS complex

Answer 9

0.03 - 0.12 seconds (<1-3 small boxes)

Question 10

ST segment

Answer 10

plateau phase of ventricular myocytes

Question 11

T wave

Answer 11

ventricular repolarization (positive deflection)

Question 12

U wave

Answer 12

second wave, following T wave, represents hypokalemia/drug activity

Question 13

What does the atrial phase 0 correspond to

Answer 13

P wave

Question 14

What does the ventricular phase 0 correspond to

Answer 14

WRS complex

Question 15

What does ventricular phase 3 correspond to

Answer 15

T wave

Question 16

Lead I

Answer 16

right arm (-)
left arm (+)

Question 17

Lead II

Answer 17

right arm (-)
left leg (+)

Question 18

Lead III

Answer 18

left arm (-)
left leg (+)

Question 19

aVR

Answer 19

right arm (+)
III (-)
measures bisection of I and II

Question 20

aVL

Answer 20

left arm (+)
II (-)
measure bisection of I and III

Question 21

aVF

Answer 21

left leg (+)
I (-)
measure perpendricular to I

Question 22

V1

Answer 22

right, 4th intercostal

Question 23

V2

Answer 23

left 4th intercostal

Question 24

V4

Answer 24

left, 5th intercostal

Question 25

V3

Answer 25

betwee V2 and V4

Question 26

V5

Answer 26

in line with V4 and anterior axillary line

Question 27

V6

Answer 27

in line with V4 and V5, in midaxillary line

Question 28

I, II, III and aVRF will have ____ P waves and QRS complexes in NSR

Answer 28

positive

Question 29

aVR will have ____ P waves and QRS complexes in NSR

Answer 29

negative

Question 30

aVL will have ____ P waves and ___ QRS complexes in NSR

Answer 30

positive | isolectical

Question 31

bradychardia

Answer 31

<60bpm

Question 32

tachycardia

Answer 32

> 100 bpm

Question 33

degrees of the leads

Answer 33

``` I = 0 II = 60 aVF = 90 III = 120 aVR = 210 aVL = -30 ```

Question 34

Noraml axis

Answer 34

Lead I and aVF both have postive QRS complexes, 0-90 degrees

Question 35

Right axis deviation

Answer 35

Lead I has negative and aVF has postive QRS complex, 90 -180 degrees

Question 36

What does right axis deviation mean

Answer 36

right hypertrophy, RBBB, tall, end of deep inspiration

Question 37

What does left axis deviation mean

Answer 37

left hypertrophy, end of deep expiration, LBBB, obesity

Question 38

Left axis deviation

Answer 38

Lead I has postive and aVF has negative QRS complex, -90 -0 degrees

Question 39

What does it mean if PR interval is longer than normal

Answer 39

any block in AV conduction, atrial hypertrophy

Question 40

What does it mean if PR intervial is shorter than normal

Answer 40

secondary pacemaker activity

Question 41

What does it mean if you have a few very large and wide QRS complexes appearing in a lead with mostly normal QRS complexes

Answer 41

PVCs

Question 42

What does it mean if you have very large and wide QRS complexes

Answer 42

RBBB, LBBB, hyperkalemia, - ventricle is producing its own beat

Question 43

What happens to the HR if you increase sympathetic tone

Answer 43

elevate

Question 44

What happens to HR if you increase activation of beta-one receptors on SA node

Answer 44

elevate

Question 45

What happens to HR if you decrease sympathetic tone

Answer 45

depress

Question 46

What happens to HR if you decrease activation of beta one receptors on SA node

Answer 46

depress

Question 47

What happens to HR if you increase vagal tone

Answer 47

depress

Question 48

What happens to HR if you increase activation of muscarinic receptors on the SA node

Answer 48

depress

Question 49

What happens to HR if you decrease vagal tone

Answer 49

elevate

Question 50

What happens to HR if you decrease activation of muscarinic receptors on SA node

Answer 50

elevate

Question 51

Affect on conduction velocity through the AV node with increased sympathetic tone

Answer 51

increase

Question 52

Affect on conduction velocity through the AV node with increased activatino of beta-one receptors on the AV node

Answer 52

increase

Question 53

Affect on conduction velocity through the AV node with decreased sympathetic tone

Answer 53

decrease

Question 54

Affect on conduction velocity through the AV node with decreased activation of beta one receptors on the AV node

Answer 54

decrease

Question 55

Affect on conduction velocity through the AV node with increased vagal tone

Answer 55

decrease

Question 56

Affect on conduction velocity through the AV node with increased activation of muscarinic receptors on the AV node

Answer 56

decrease

Question 57

Affect on conduction velocity through the AV node with decreased vagal tone

Answer 57

increase

Question 58

Affect on conduction velocity through the AV node with decreased activation of muscarinic receptors on the AV node

Answer 58

increase