EKG Flashcards by Alegra Mendez

Normal QRS axis

-30 and +100

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PR interval

120-200 ms (3-5 small boxes)

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QRS interval

<80 ms (2 small boxes or less)

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QT interval

<1/2 R-R interval

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QTC

QT int/sq rt(R-R)

~400 ms

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PR interval boundaries

from start of P to start of Q

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narrow PR

pre-excitation

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Prolonged PR

more than one big box

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LVH

inc QRS amp

amp of S-wave (v1) + R-wave (V5. V6) >35mm (7 big boxes)
OR
amp of R-wave in aVL >11mm
OR
amp of R-wave in l>15mm

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Inc QRS

LVH

(systemic HTN
AV stenosis
HCM)

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dynamic ST elevation

acute MI

pericarditis

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stable ST elevation

LV aneurysm, LBBB

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sudden ST depression

sudden myocardium ischemia

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chronic ST depression

LVH

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anterior STEMI

leads
I
aVL
V2-V4

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inferior STEMI

leads
II
III
aVF

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T wave inversion

recent bout of myocardial ischemia

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first degree AV block

PR int > 200 ms

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progressive inc PR then non-conducted

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second degree AV block
Mobitz I AV block
Wenkebach

fixed PR then non-conducted

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second degree AV block

Mobitz II

regular R-R intervals
varying P waves
narrow QRS

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third degree AV block
complete block
w/ AV escape

regular R-R intervals
varying P waves
wide QRS

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third degree AV block
complete block
w/ ventricle escape (UNSTABLE)

QRS >120 ms

sinus or supra ventricular rhythm

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RBBB or LBBB

QRS >120 ms
sinus or supra ventricular rhythm
RsR’ (V1-2)

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RBBB

rabbit ears

QRS >120 ms sinus or supra ventricular rhythm negative wave in V1

LBBB

preceded by P-wave usu narrow QRS may not conduct to ventricle resets SA

supraventricular PAC

no p-wave wide QRS may not conduct to atrium usu no effect on SA

ventricular PVC

bigeminy

alternating normal beat and premature beat

irregularly irregular

A-fib

saw-tooth

atrial flutter | saw tooth=p's

AV reciprocating Tacyhcardia Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

"Bypass tract": connecting atria to ventricle "preexcitation" of ventricle by bypass track (in addition to activation by AV node pathway)

____ tachyarrhythmias are responsive to electrical cardioversion

ventricular

monomorphic VT

wide complex tachycardia, similar QRS wide bc VT lacks coordinate electrical activities of ventricles reentry arrhythmia from one area of ventricle (often prior myovcardial infection scar)

polymorphic VT

wide complex tachycardia, variable QRS acute ischemia, meds that prolong QT can progress to Vfib TORSADES DE POINTES drugs, dec K/Mg, congenital abnml Tx: Mg sulfate

SVT w/ aberrancy

can have wide QRS if BBB AV association (P before QRS)

wide QRS (>120ms) can be

V tach (monomorphic or polymorphic) or supraventricular w/ BBB

first degree AV block tx

benign, no tx needed

lyme disease

third-degree AV block (complete)

P waves and QRS complex dissociation atria rate>ventricle rate

complete AV block

delta wave | short PR

WPW

wide complex irregular tachycardic

a fib in WPW

torsade de pointes

ventricular tachycardia w/ prolonged QT triggered by a PVC at this time

muscle weakness | U waves

hypOkalemia

hypERkalemia

peaked T waves

hypERkalemia

confusion vol depletion short QT

hypERcalcemia

muscle spasms tetany prolonged QT

hypOcalcemia

EKG Flashcards

(47 cards)