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English Usage > ELANG 322 Test - Unit 2-3 > Flashcards

ELANG 322 Test - Unit 2-3 Flashcards

1
Q

e.g.

A

exempli gratia; used to mean “for example” - use after a comma and don’t italicize

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2
Q

i.e.

A

id est; used to mean “that is”

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3
Q

eminent

A

prominent, distinguished

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4
Q

immanent

A

inherent; pervading the material world

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5
Q

imminent

A

soon to occur, impending

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6
Q

fact

A

branded as “wordy” - called a mark of bad writing; use with caution

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7
Q

in fact

A

?

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8
Q

the fact that

A

branded as “wordy” - called a mark of bad writing; use with caution

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9
Q

real

A

adjective; proscribed when used to mean “very” - ex:”he is real fast”

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10
Q

really

A

adverb; prescribed to say “he is really fast”

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11
Q

regretful

A

feeling or showing regret; a person is regretful

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12
Q

regretfully

A

in a regretful manner

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13
Q

regrettable

A

causing regret; a situation is regrettable

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14
Q

regrettably

A

unfortunately

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15
Q

used to

A

prescribed

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16
Q

use to

A

proscribed

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17
Q

verbal

A

involving words, whether written or spoken; proscribed to use “verbal” to only mean “spoken” because verbal (with words) could be written communication

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18
Q

verbally

A

?

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19
Q

oral

A

only spoken, from the mouth

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20
Q

orally

A

?

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21
Q

apprise

A

to inform

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22
Q

appraise

A

to evaluate

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23
Q

around

A

american; used for space/circumference

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24
Q

round

A

british

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25
Q

about

A

use for general

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26
Q

as far as

A

needs a complement (“are concerned” or “go”); “as for him” is more concise

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27
Q

so far as

A

the issue is not between so and as, it’s using “as/so far as” without a clause

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28
Q

between you and I

A

proscribed (hypercorrection); should be between you and me because “I” is not an object form

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29
Q

blatant

A

conspicuous, obvious (done for all to see or hear)

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30
Q

flagrant

A

shocking, deplorable (could be done secretly)

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31
Q

capital

A

money or cities

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32
Q

capitol

A

a building

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33
Q

flounder

A

to struggle

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34
Q

founder

A

to sink

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35
Q

healthy

A

in good health

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36
Q

healthful

A

promoting/conducive to good health

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37
Q

relative pronouns

A

supposed to agree in number and person with its antecedent, ex: “it is I who am here” rather than “who is here”

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38
Q

reflexive pronouns

A

can only be used after an antecedent (a subject or an object), ex: “Gayle herself” where “Gayle” is the antecedent to which the reflexive pronoun refers

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39
Q

epicene pronouns

A

a pronoun that is gender-neutral. You should match the pronoun with the gender you’re referring to

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40
Q

impact

A

noun, not a verb

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41
Q

impacted

A

wisdom teeth only; not to be used as a verb otherwise

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42
Q

mutual

A

reciprocal between two people - “mutual friend” should be “common friend”

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43
Q

common

A

shared by two or more - doesn’t have to be reciprocal

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44
Q

reciprocal

A

done in return

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45
Q

rack

A

to torture, oppress

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46
Q

wrack

A

verb: to destroy utterly, to wreck, noun: wreckage, utter destruction

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47
Q

toward

A

American

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48
Q

towards

A

British

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49
Q

who’s

A

who is

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50
Q

whose

A

possessive

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51
Q

adopted

A

passive

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52
Q

adoptive

A

active - the one who adopts - usually refers to the adults, not the children

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53
Q

adviser

A

pre

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54
Q

advisor

A

pro

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55
Q

classic

A

outstandingly authoritative or important

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56
Q

classical

A

related to “the classics” - Greek, Latin, English lit or music

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57
Q

deprecate

A

to dissaprove earnestly; self-deprecate is proscribed - should be self-depreciating

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58
Q

depreciate

A

to belittle, disparage, to fall in value

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59
Q

faze

A

to disconcert/daunt

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60
Q

phase

A

to carry out a plan

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61
Q

for free

A

pro, avoid when you can by using “for nothing” or “at no cost”

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62
Q

free

A

pre

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63
Q

gratis

A

free - adverb or adjective; don’t use a preposition before it

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64
Q

former/latter

A

only use in a series of two; for more than two use “first” and “last”

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65
Q

height

A

pre

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66
Q

heighth

A

pro

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67
Q

in

A

position or location

68
Q

into

A

movement (preposition)

69
Q

in to

A

give in to something, we went in to buy milk

70
Q

ingenious

A

inventive

71
Q

ingenuous

A

naïve, innocent

72
Q

ingenuity

A

ingenious-ness

73
Q

ingenuousness

A

naiveté, innocence

74
Q

lead

A

present tense of “lead” or a metal

75
Q

led

A

past tense of “lead”

76
Q

lend

A

lend, lent, lent - lend is the verb, not the noun

77
Q

loan

A

only a noun; some allow using it as a verb, but only for money

78
Q

majority

A

shouldn’t use for “most”; good to use when talking about votes; majority of people is plural, otherwise it’s singular?

79
Q

minority

A

?

80
Q

plurality

A

majority means absolute majority, plurality is the largest vote among three or four candidates, but not necessarily more than 50%

81
Q

practicable

A

feasible, possible

82
Q

practical

A

opposite of theoretical, capable of being put to good use

83
Q

precede

A

to go come before

84
Q

proceed

A

to go ahead

85
Q

prophecy

A

noun

86
Q

prophesy

A

verb

87
Q

ravage

A

destruction or devastation through repeated acts

88
Q

ravish

A

to abduct and rape, to enrapture

89
Q

ravishing

A

captivating, enchanting

90
Q

stationary

A

immoblie

91
Q

stationery

A

paper and envelopes

92
Q

decimate

A

destroy a large part of but not all

93
Q

desert

A

abandon a place/person; a dry place

94
Q

dessert

A

food

95
Q

deserts

A

abandon (can’t abandon plans or efforts

96
Q

enthuse

A

pro (backformation); use “inspire”

97
Q

equally as

A

pro (redundant); just use “equally”

98
Q

flammable

A

pro

99
Q

inflammable

A

pre (combustible)

100
Q

gender

A

social

101
Q

sex

A

physical

102
Q

historic

A

significant

103
Q

historical

A

pertaining to history

104
Q

incredible

A

unbelievable, amazing

105
Q

incredulous

A

skeptical, doubting

106
Q

leave

A

to go away from, to cause to remain; “leave me alone” is pro

107
Q

let

A

let him alone is pre; aux. verb

108
Q

alumnus

A

masc. sing

109
Q

alum

A

clipped form - acceptable?

110
Q

alumna

A

fem. sing

111
Q

alumni

A

masc. plural

112
Q

alumnae

A

fem. Plural

113
Q

anticipate

A

to foresee and prepare for

114
Q

chord

A

musical grouping, geometric

115
Q

cord

A

strings, vocal cords

116
Q

crescendo

A

the growing/buildup - not a plateau; you can’t reach a crescendo

117
Q

climax

A

?

118
Q

criteria

A

plural

119
Q

criterion

A

singular

120
Q

criterions

A

alternate plural form

121
Q

a lot

A

a large quantity

122
Q

a lot

A

pro

123
Q

allot

A

to set aside

124
Q

agenda

A

latin plural: “things to be done”; pro: list of things to do

125
Q

already

A

?

126
Q

all ready

A

totally/completely ready

127
Q

allege

A

to claim; pro: doubtful

128
Q

alleged

A

accused

129
Q

allegedly

A

has been accused of; pro: doubtful

130
Q

allude

A

to refer to something indirectly

131
Q

elude

A

to avoid

132
Q

mention/refer

A

direct reference

133
Q

antagonist

A

opponent

134
Q

protagonist

A

the one chief character (can’t have multiple protagonists for one book)

135
Q

hero

A

when referring to multiple protagonists in one novel

136
Q

anyway

A

linking adverb = transition

137
Q

anyways

A

pro

138
Q

any way

A

literal - qualquer maneira

139
Q

aggravate

A

to make worse

140
Q

aggravating

A

?

141
Q

ain’t

A

pro

142
Q

apt

A

habitually/generally likely (somewhat negative connotation)

143
Q

liable

A

subject or exposed to (negative sense); not simply “likely”

144
Q

likely

A

a particular circumstance (one instance - probably)

145
Q

convince

A

changes belief/attitude; “convince of”

146
Q

persuade

A

leads to action; “persuade to do”

147
Q

medium

A

singular of “media”

148
Q

media

A

not singular; it is the plural of medium, also a mass noun, “medias” is pro

149
Q

sensual

A

sexual

150
Q

sensuous

A

the five senses

151
Q

all together

A

in unison

152
Q

altogether

A

completely, entirely

153
Q

allusion

A

reference

154
Q

illusion

A

deception, hallucination

155
Q

anxious

A

negative connotation

156
Q

eager

A

positive connotation

157
Q

awhile

A

adverb - ?

158
Q

a while

A

noun

159
Q

accept

A

agree to

160
Q

except

A

exclude

161
Q

in behalf of

A

not representing, but for someone’s benefit

162
Q

on behalf of

A

representing, speaking for

163
Q

being

A

dialectal, pro?

164
Q

being as

A

dialectal, pro?

165
Q

being as how

A

dialectal, pro?

166
Q

being that

A

dialectal, pro?

English Usage (5 decks)

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