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Elbow Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

List the muscular pathologies in the elbow?

A

Lateral epicondylitis
medial epicondylitis
Distal biceps strain/rupture

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2
Q

List the instability pathologies in the elbow?

A

medial instability (UCL)
lateral instability (RCL)

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3
Q

List the nerve compression injuries in the elbow?

A

PIN syndrome (radial)
Cubital tunnel syndrome (ulnar)
Pronator syndrome (median)

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4
Q

List the fracture pathologies in the elbow?

A

supracondylar
radial head
Intracondylar

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5
Q

List the other pathologies in the elbow?

A

osteochondritis dissecans
osteochondrosis
Myositis ossificans
olecranon bursitis

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6
Q

What do you observe in the elbow examination?

A

Carrying angle

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7
Q

What is the normal carrying angle for males and females?

A

males: 5-10*
females: 10-15*

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8
Q

What is a gun stock deformity?

A

carrying angle is in varus not valgus
Due to radial head deformity

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9
Q

What would you observe in the elbow with olecranon bursitis?

A

edema
effusion
eccymosis
erythema

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10
Q

What other pathologies must you rule out before deciding its an elbow issue?

A

C-spine
shoulder
systemic

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11
Q

What muscle stretch reflex is C5?

A

Biceps

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12
Q

What muscle stretch reflex is C6?

A

Brachioradialis

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13
Q

What muscle stretch reflex is C7?

A

Tricpes

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14
Q

What is the elbow extension test and what does it rule IN?

A

Acute elbow injury
Adults>15
Children 3-15
***Criteria for fracture

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15
Q

What criteria rules out fracture?

A

no history of trauma
injury >72 hours old
neuromuscular disease
previous limited extension

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16
Q

How do you do the elbow extension test?

A

Pt seated, shoulder flexed to 90, elbows extended
involved side has less extension than uninvolved side

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17
Q

What repeated movements can you do in the elbow?

A

open chain with flick
loaded with pt generated overpressure

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18
Q

What is the resting position for the humeroulnar joint?

A

70* elbow flexion, 10*supination

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19
Q

What is the closed pack position for the humeroulnar joint?

A

extension with supination

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20
Q

What is the capsular pattern for the elbow?

A

Flexion limitation >extension

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21
Q

What is the resting position for the radiohumeral joint?

A

full extension and full supination

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22
Q

what is the closed pack position for the radiohumeral joint?

A

elbow flexed 90, forearm supinated 5

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23
Q

What is the capsular pattern for the radiohumeral joint?

A

flexion limitation > extension> supination> pronation

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24
Q

What is the resting position of the superior radioulnar joint?

A

flexion 70, supination 35,

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25
Closed pack position for superior radioulnar joint?
5* supination
26
Capsular pattern for superior radioulnar joint?
equal limitation of supination and pronation
27
Humeroulnar/ humeroradial joint flexion arthrokinematics?
anterior roll, anterior slide
28
humeroulnar/ humeroradial joint extension arthrokinematics?
posterior roll, posterior slide
29
Proximal radioulnar joint pronation arthrokinematics?
anterior roll, posterior slide
30
Proximal radioulnar joint supination arthrokinematics?
posterior roll, anterior slide
31
What structures resist valgus stress? (@ 0* elbow extension)
Anterior capsule, Ulnar collateral, bony articulation
32
What structures resist valgus stress (@90* elbow extension)
Ulnar collateral ligament (54%), bony articulation, anterior capsule
33
What structures resist varus stress?
Bony articulation (75%) anterior capsule, radial collateral lig
34
What structures resist distraction @ 0* elbow extension?
Anterior capsule (70%) Ulnar collateral (5%)
35
What structures resist distraction @ 90* elbow extension
Mostly primary resistance (UCL) Minimal resistance (anterior capsule)
36
If a patient has lateral elbow pain how do you assess grip strength?
loss of strength will be more apparent with elbow extension
37
Nerve affected in pronator teres?
Median n.
38
What nerve is affected in Cubital tunnel syndrome?
ulnar n.
39
what nerve is affected in PIN syndroms?
Radial n.
40
Diagnostic tests for lateral epicondylitis?
Cozens test Mills test maudsley test Pain w/ palpation @ lateral epicondyle
41
Differential diagnosis for lateral epicondylitis?
Cervical radiculopathy PIN
42
Diagnostic cluster for medial epicondylitis?
pain with wrist flexion pain with stretch of wrist flexion golfers elbow test pain with palpation of medial epicondyle
43
Differential diagnosis for medial epicondylitis?
cervical radiculopathy Pronator teres syndrome
44
How do you test median nerve pathology?
pronator teres test
45
How do you test for ulnar nerve pathology?
elbow flexion test Tinels test
46
How do you test for radial nerve pathology?
ULTT palpation
47
If median nerve is affected what the potential diagnosis?
pronator teres carpal tunnel anterior interosseous C6,C7 radiculopathy
48
If ulnar nerve is affected what is the potential diagnosis?
Cubital tunnel syndrome Ulnar Tunnel syndrome C8-T1 radiculopathy
49
If radial nerve is affected what is the potential diagnosis?
PIN Posterior interosseous lateral epicondylitis Cervical radiculopathy
50
Special tests for UCL sprain?
valgus stress test moving valgus stress test
51
Special tests for RCL sprain?
varus stress test
52
Special tests for PLRI?
pivot shift test
53
Intervention for Lateral epicondylitis?
Rest Mobility: MWM, neuro, tooling Strength: eccentric, Scapular stability, RC strength Bracing
54
Intervention for UCL sprain?
Rest Modalities Increase pain free ROM first @ 8 weeks: strengthen (throwers ten) Throwing progression
55
What is the triangle sign?
screen for fracture Usually have elbow flexed
56
What movements are involved in C6 myotome?
elbow flexion, wrist extension
57
What movements are involved in C7 myotome?
Elbow extension, wrist flexion
58
Your patient is osteoporotic and suffers from a FOOSH, what is the most common fracture location?
distal radius and humerus
59
Normal ROM for flexion?
130*
60
Normal ROM for extension?
10*
61
Normal ROM for pronation?
80*
62
Normal ROM for supination?
80*
63
End feel for supination and pronation?
firm
64
MWM with movement should result in?
immediate change in force output Decreased pain increased muscle activation
65
Clinical predication rule that an individual may benefit from MWM?
Age<49 years affected pain free grip strength >112 N unaffected pain free grip strength < 336N

Musculo (5 decks)

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