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Locomotor > Elbow > Flashcards

Elbow Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 joints in the articular capsule?

A

Humeroradial
Humeroulnar
Proximal radioulnar

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2
Q

Which joints are involved in flexion and extension?

A

Humeroradial and humeroulnar

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3
Q

Which bone moves in pronation?

A

Radius

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4
Q

Where does the ulna articulate with the humerus?

A

Trochlea and trochlea notch

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5
Q

Where does the radius articulate with the humerus?

A

Capitulum

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6
Q

Where is the medial epicondyl?

A

Medial

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7
Q

What is the carrying angle? Difference for women?

A

Angle that the forearm comes out of the elbow

2x wider in women because they have bigger hips

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8
Q

What is the olecranon fossa?

A

Where the olecranon slots into the humerus when the arm is extended

Depression in the humerus on the lateral side

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9
Q

Where is the olecranon?

A

It’s the pointy part of the ulna

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10
Q

What do the ulna and radius look like?

A

The ulna hooks around the humerus

The radius is like a flat head

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11
Q

What is the coronoid fossa?

A

Depression in the medial part of the humerus

Where the claw of the ulna slots in when the elbow is fully flexed

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12
Q

What 3 bones make up the arm?

A

Humerus
Radius
Ulna

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13
Q

Which ligaments help with flexion and extension? And what shape are they?

A

Radial collateral ligament - radial side
Ulna collateral ligament - ulna side

Triangular

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14
Q

Which ligament is involved in pronation and supination?

What is it’s shape?

A

Anular ligament

Loops around the radius

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15
Q

Which ligament is most likely to tear in children?

A

Anular ligament

Radius removed from the joint

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16
Q

What is incomplete dislocation called?

A

Subluxation

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17
Q

Which muscles are involved in flexion?

A

Biceps brachi

Brachialis

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18
Q

Which muscles are involved in extension?

A

Triceps brachi

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19
Q

Which muscles are involved in pronation?

A

Pronator teres

Pronator quadratus

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20
Q

What muscles are involved in supination?

A

Biceps brachii

Supinator

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21
Q

Which nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Radial

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22
Q

Which nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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23
Q

Which muscles are in the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Shoulder and elbow flexors

BBC
Biceps Brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis

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24
Q

Which muscles are in the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Shoulder and elbow extensors

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25
Where does the musculocutaneous nerve originate?
C5 C6 C7
26
Where does the bicep reflex originate?
C5 C6
27
What’s the order of the anterior flexor muscles in the arm?
Biceps brachii most superficial Coracobrachialis Brachialis
28
Where does the brachialis run from?
Distal humerus to the coronoid process of the ulna
29
What joints does brachialis act on? (Shoulder/ elbow or both?)
Only the elbow
30
Is brachialis affected by pronation or supination? Why?
No | Attached to the ulna
31
Where does the coracobrachialis run from?
Coronoid process of the scapula to the humerus
32
What joint does the coracobrachialis work on? Shoulder/ elbow or both?
Shoulder only
33
What movement does the coracobrachialis do?
Flex and addicts the shoulder | Resist dislocation of the shoulder
34
Where do the biceps run from and what are they made up of?
Radial tuberosity Long head attaches to the scapula back Short head attaches to the coronoid process
35
Where are the long head and short head of the biceps found in the arm?
Long head - lateral | Short head - medial
36
What does the biceps brachii do?
Flex at shoulder and elbow Affected by pronation and supination because it is attached to the radial tuberosity Powerful supinator
37
Are the biceps brachii affected by pronation or supination?
Yes | Attached to the radial tuberosity
38
Which muscles are involved in flexing in pronation?
Brachialis
39
Which muscles are involved in flexion in supination?
Brachialis and biceps brachii
40
What are the 5 terminal branches of the brachial plexus and where do they originate from?
``` Musculocutaneous C5 C7 Axillary C5 C6 Medial C5 T1 Radial C5 T1 Ulnar C8 T1 ```
41
What do the motor and sensory musculocutaneous nerves do in the arm?
MOTOR in the arm | SENSORY in the lateral aspect of the forearm
42
What does the radial nerve innervate?
Posterior part of the whole arm
43
Where does the tricep reflex originate?
C7 C8
44
What muscles are in the posterior part of the arm?
Triceps | Anconeus
45
What are the triceps made of?
Long arm Lateral head Medial head Joined as a single tendon at the end
46
What do the different heads of the tricep act on?
Long head - shoulder and elbow extensor Lateral head Medial head Are elbow extensors
47
Origin of the axillary nerve?
C5 - C6
48
Names of the cords of the brachial plexus?
Lateral cord Posterior cord Medial cord
49
Name of the different trunks?
Superior Middle Inferior
50
What are the roots of the brachial plexus?
``` C5 C6 C7 C8 T1 ```
51
Origin of the medial nerve?
C5 - T1
52
Origin of the ulnar nerve?
C8 - T1
53
Which nerve is runs posteriorly to the humerus?
Radial
54
Motor action of the musculocutaneous nerve?
BBC anterior flexion
55
Motor action of axillary nerve?
Deltoid | Teres minor
56
Sensory of the musculocutaneous nerve?
Lateral forearm
57
Sensory action of the axillary?
Regimental badge
58
Motor action of the radial nerve?
Posterior compartment of arm and forearm
59
Sensory action of radial nerve?
Posterior arm
60
Name different bursae around the elbow joint
Deep subtendinous olecranon bursa (between olecranon and triceps tendon) Intratendinous olecranon bursa (sometimes presents in triceps tendon) Superficial subcutaneous olecranon bursa - in subcutaneous connective tissue
61
Which bursa most likely to be inflamed? Most affected by bursitis
Superficial subcutaneous olecranon bursa
62
What is the antecubital fossa?
Triangle in front of the elbow Between lateral, medial epicondyle and in front of brachioradialis and flexor muscles
63
What are the 3 cubical veins?
``` Cephalic vein (lateral) Basilic vein (medial) Median cubital vein (joins them) ```
64
What surrounds the cubital fossa?
Lateral epicondyle Medial epicondyle Brachioradialis Flexor muscles (pronator teres) Bicipital aponeurosis
65
What does the cubital fossa contain?
Biceps brachii tendons Terminal part of the brachial artery Deep veins (brachial veins) Median nerve

Locomotor (10 decks)

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