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Elbow Test 2 Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

What plane and axis does the elbow joint move in?

A

saggital plane

coronal/frontal axis

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2
Q

Radial fossa receives head of radius in full elbow ______

A

flexion

Note: olecranon fossa receives olecranon process in full ext

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3
Q

Coronoid fossa: receives coronoid process of ulna at end of elbow _____

A

flexion

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4
Q

The trochlea is between the….

whereas the capitulum is between the….

A

trochlea- humerus + ulna

capitulum- humerus + radius

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5
Q

True or false: in full ext there is no contact between the radial head and capitulum

A

true

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6
Q

How would you describe the elbow joint capsule?

A

Large and loose/weak

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7
Q

The Triangular synovial of the elbow’s joint capsule is found between…

A

The humerus and the radius

hypertrophy of this fold can cause lateral epicondylalgia

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8
Q

What is considered the primary restraint to valgus stress between 20-120 degrees of flexion

A

anterior bundle of UCL/MCL

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9
Q

What does the posterior bundle of the UCL/MCL do?

A

Limits elbow EXT, less restraint to valgus stability

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10
Q

What is the secondary restraint to varus stress/supination stress at the elbow?

A

Lateral ulnar collateral ligament + annular ligament

Note: there is also a radial collateral ligament which provides some resistance to varus stress

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11
Q

at 90 degrees flexion Resistance to varus stress mostly ______, but some from LCL and capsule

A

osseus

Note: resistance to VALGUS stress in this position is from anterior part of UCL

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12
Q

In full elbow extension, what is stabilizing against varus stress?

A

50% from bone, 50% from LCL and capsule of varus stress

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13
Q

in full elbow flexion what is stabilizing the elbow?

A

Full FLX: coronoid process with fossa and rim of radial head

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14
Q

What is the mobility muscle of the elbow?

A

Biceps + Brachialis

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15
Q

What is the stability muscle of the elbow?

A

Brachioradialis

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16
Q

What amount of flexion is the brachioradialis’ movement arm the largest?

A

Between 100-120

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17
Q

Where is the brachialis movement arm the largest

A

More than 100 degrees flexion

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18
Q

Where is the biceps brachii movement arm the largest?

A

Moment arm greatest at 80-100 deg of elbow FLX

note:Most active during elbow FLX with forearm SUP

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19
Q

Triceps Brachii: Active insufficiency with elbow EXT when shoulder is ________

A

hyperextended

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20
Q

What ligament limits the spin of the radial head?

Study These Flashcards
A

Quadrate ligament

note:also it helps keep radial head in radial notch

21
Q

what ligament may assist in preventing separation of radius and ulna

22
Q

what ligament runs at a perpendicular angle to the interosseus ligament

23
Q

what ligament encircles the radial head?

Study These Flashcards
A

annular ligament

24
Q

TFCC and _______ capsule can also provide stability,
_______ capsule can limit ROM after injury & scar tissue build up

25
what stabilizes both PRUJ and DRUJ?
interosseus ligament
26
What ligaments extend along the margins of the TFCC and go into the ulnar fovea and ulnar styloid
palmar and dorsal ligaments
27
Pronator teres is a _____ joint muscle
two note: it also stabilizes PRUJ
28
Pronator quadratus stabilizes what joint?
DRUJ
29
Pronator teres does pronation and helps with...
elbow flexion
30
supination torque is greatest where?
with arm in full pronation viceversa for the pronator's torque
31
what is limited by bone on bone contact, pronation or supination?
pronation Dorsal radioulnar lig & posterior fibers of MCL
32
During pronation, which bone rotates around the other?
Radius rotates around ulna
33
what is the full ROM for pronation/supination and where is it measured?
150 total measured with elbow flexion to remove shoulder IR/ER
34
brachioradialis may act as a _______ in full supination and a _____ in full pronation
pronator supinator
35
supinator has the most torque at....
75% pronation (not full) note: only does unresisted supination, bicep kicks in if it is resisted
36
How does the TFCC contribute to radioulnar stability?
transmits compression and tension forces; stabilizes carpals
37
Dorsal radioulnar lig: taut in ________
pronation
38
Palmar radioulnar lig: taut in _________
supination
39
Forearm stabilized by ____________ in PRO/SUP and gripping activities
ECRB note: Muscular support of DRUJ from pronator quadratus and extensor carpi ulnaris tendon
40
the dorsal and palmar ligaments allow for how much joint play?
5mm
41
what is the purpose of the interosseus ligament?
force transmission in weight-bearing: Greater GRF through radial head due to size Interosseous becomes taut Force is transferred from radial head to head of ulna (proximal forearm)
42
What is the functional requirement for most activities of elbow flexion and forearm supination
30-130 ext/flexion 50 of each supination and pronation
43
When mobilizing PRUJ or DRUJ, what do you need to be aware of?
Cascading consequences of what can happen at the other joint
44
What ossifies first at the elbow? what ossifies last?
Capitulum first
45
A FOOSH will most likely result in a fracture where? What gets displaced?
Fracture of proximal ulna (because it's the smaller bone) and an anterior dislocation of radial head
46
What happens in nurse maids elbow/distraction injury
radial is pulled inferiorly out of annular ligament
47
repetitive contractions of ______ may compress ulnar nerve
flexor carpi ulnaris
48
____________ instability causes increased carrying angle and radial head compression on capitulum (ex. Throwing) – can lead to avascular necrosis of capitulum
Ulnar collateral ligament note: elbow is the region of the body with the highest incidence of peripheral neuropathy

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