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Physics IGCSE > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

1
Q

what does it mean is the charge is fast

A

there is a large electrical current

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2
Q

what carries the charge in metals and what is produced

A

the electrons which produce an electric current

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3
Q

ignore this card

A
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4
Q

what is current like in a series circuit

A

the same at all point

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5
Q

what is voltage like in a series circuit

A

it is shared between the components

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6
Q

advantages and disadvantages of series circuits

A

advantages - requires fewer wires

disadvantages - if a fault occurs the whole circuit stops working

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7
Q

what is current like in a parallel circuit

A

the loop adds up to the total current from the supply

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8
Q

what is voltage like in parallel circuits

A

the same across each loop

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9
Q

advantages and disadvantages of parallel circuits

A

advantages - each loop can be controlled seperatley and if one stops working the rest still work

disadvantages - they are more complicated to construct

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10
Q

how do you calculate the total resistance when the resistors are connected

A

adding the value of the individual resistors

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11
Q

what is current

A

the rate of flow of charge at a point in the circuit

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12
Q

how is current measured and where is it connected

A

with an ammeter in series

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13
Q

what is voltage

A

the amount of energy transferred between two points in a circuit

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14
Q

what is resistance

A

the opposition to the flow of current

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15
Q

what is resistance measured in

A

ohms

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16
Q

what would a graph look like for a resistor

A

straight through zero

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17
Q

what type of graph and what would a graph look like for a filament lamp and LED

A

current / voltage graph and it will be a curve

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18
Q

why is a resistor lamp a straight line through zero

A

current is directly proportional to voltage and resistance is constant

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19
Q

why is a filament lamp graph a curve

A

resistance increases as the voltage increases and then the lamp gets brightter and hotter and it is because the atoms and ions make it harder for the electrons to flow through

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20
Q

why is a LED graph a curve

A

resistance decreases as the voltage increases
it only allows current to flow in one direction

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21
Q

what happens to the resistance of the LDR as the light gets brighter

A

the resistance decreases

22
Q

what happens to the resistance of the thermistor as the temperature increases

A

the resistance decreases

23
Q

does a thermistor’s and LDR’sresistance follow a linear pattern?

A

no becuase as the temperature increases the rate of decrease of resistance falls

24
Q

what sizes do fuses come in

A

3A, 5A and 13A

25
Q

what should you do when picking a fuse

A

the smallest one which won’t melt

26
Q

what is circuit breaker

A

an electromagnetic switch which is a safety device

27
Q

what does a circuit breaker do

A

breaks the circuit if the current rises over a certain value

28
Q

what do many appliences have as a insultor

A

plastic casings

29
Q

what does double insulation mean

A

all parts of the appliance are insulated in plastic

30
Q

how can electrical energy be supplied

A

by plugging into a main (power supply, battery or cell)

31
Q

what does d.c current stand for

A

direct current

32
Q

what does a.c current stand for

A

alternating current

33
Q

what is d.c current

A

a d.c supply produces a charge through a circuit in one direction

34
Q

what is a.c current

A

an a.c supply produces a flow of charge that regularley reverses its direction

35
Q

what is static electricity

A

electrons can be transfered from one material to another when they are rubbed together (friction)

36
Q

what charges are ALWAYS fixed in static electricity

A

the positive charges

37
Q

what is an example of static electricity

A

balloon sticking to the wall

38
Q

what are uses of electrostatic chrages

A

paint sprayer
inkjet printers
photocopiers
electrostatic filters

39
Q

what are examples of dangers of electrostatic charge

A

lightning
fueling aircraft

40
Q

what can LED’s be used for

A

to indicate the presence of current in a circuit

41
Q

how does current flow

A

from the positive terminal to the negative terminal of a cell

42
Q

why are metals used as wires

A

because metal is a good conductor of electrical current

43
Q

why is current conserved at a junction

A

becuase charge is always conserved

44
Q

what is a fuse

A

a thin peice of whire which overheats and melts if the current is too high which pretects the circuit

45
Q

what do earth wires do

A

provide a safe route for current to flow through in case of a short circuit

46
Q

why is double insulation good

A

it compleately covers the appliances electrical components so the earth wire cannot touch the metal casing

47
Q

what does it mean to charge a body

A

adding, removing of electrons creating ions

48
Q

what do metals do

A

conduct and allow electrons to flow through them

49
Q

what do insulators do

A

slow down the flow of electrons

50
Q

explain an experiment for static electricity between 2 insulators

A

when 2 insulators are rubbed together the friction causes electrons to move from one to the other and they become charged
for example a rod with a cloth

Physics IGCSE (6 decks)

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