electricity Flashcards
(20 cards)
what is electricity?
electricity is a form of energy from electrons being transferred.
how is electrical charge is created?
electrical charge is created when electrons are transferred (come into contact) or removed (rubbed off/on) from an object. some materials don’t give/take electrons.
what charge does electrons have?
electrons have negative charge.
what happens when electrons get added and removed to an object?
when electrons are added to an object, it becomes negatively charged and when they are removed the object becomes positive.
what does energy from a battery do?
energy from a battery pushes electrons round a circuit
what is a flow of electrons called? and whats it measured in?
currents is the constant flow of electrons through a conductor in circuit, measured in amps.
what happens when there’s a high voltage in a battery?
the more energy the electrons can transfer.
whats the difference between conductors and insulators?
conductors can hold and transfer energy and insulators can’t.
conductors examples
metal, paper clip, salty water, stainless steal
insulators examples
wood, plastic, rubber
difference between parallel and series circuits?
parallel circuits have multiple branches and closed circuits are loop square/rectangle.
rules for drawing circuits
must be closed, power source at top, components spread out evenly, correct order going anti-clockwise, square/rectangle.
what is voltage? whats it measured in?
voltage is the energy difference/potential between two points in circuits, measured in volts.
ohms law
V=IR voltage = current x resistance
I=V/R current= voltage ÷ resistance
terms equations
power = voltage x current
current = power ÷ voltage
voltage = power ÷ current
what is power
power is measured how quick energy formed to another
what is resistance?
resistance is a measure of how difficult it is for electrons to flow through a component
what is the current and voltage in a series circuit flowing through components?
the current and volatge through each component is the same in series circuits.
what is the current and voltage in parallel circuits flowing through components?
the voltage is the same through the circuit but the current is the total amount going through each one
what happens when voltage or current increases/decreases?
when voltage increases current increases, when voltage decreases current decreases.
