Electricity Flashcards

(36 cards)

1
Q

Subatomic particle that carries negative electric charge and generates electromagnetic fields

A

Electron

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2
Q

A two-terminalelectronic componentthat conductscurrentprimarily in one direction (asymmetricconductance); it has low (ideally zero)resistancein one direction, and high (ideally infinite)resistancein the other.

A

Diode

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3
Q

An extremely long fish that hunts for prey using small electric shocks

A

Electric eel (Electrophorus electricus)

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4
Q

The ability of a system to store an electric charge; the ratio of the change in an electric charge in a system to the corresponding change in its electric potential

A

Capacitance

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5
Q

SI Unit of Electric Current

A

Ampere

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6
Q

What do DC and AC stand for?

A

Direct current and alternating current

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7
Q

SI unit of conductance

A

Siemens

It used to be called the Mho, which is Ohm written backwards.

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8
Q

The production of an electromotive force (i.e., voltage) across an electrical conductor in a changing magnetic field.

A

(Electromagnetic) induction

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9
Q

One of the earliest researchers into electricity, who believed that friction rendered amber magnetic

A

Thales (of Miletus)

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10
Q

SI unit of resistance

A

Ohm

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11
Q

SI Unit of Electric Potential

A

Volt

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12
Q

British inventor of the lightbulb and pioneer in photography, inventing bromide paper.

A

Joseph Swan

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13
Q

A semiconductor device with at least three terminals used toamplifyorswitchelectronicsignals andelectrical power; a voltageorcurrentapplied to one pair of terminals controls the current through another pair of terminals.

(Invented in 1947 by American physicistsJohn BardeenandWalter Brattainwhile working underWilliam ShockleyatBell Labs. They shared the 1956Nobel Prize in Physicsfor their achievement.)

A

Transistor

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14
Q

William Gilbert coined the New Latin word electricus from elektron, the Greek word for what?

A

Amber

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15
Q

19th century scientist who contributed to the concept of electromagnetic fields, notably the principles underlying electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism and electrolysis.

A

Michael Faraday

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16
Q

An atom or molecule that has a net electrical charge

17
Q

SI unit of electrical capacitance

18
Q

Inventor of the steam turbine, which is the basis behind nuclear, geothermal, and fossil fuel-driven energy

A

Sir Charles Parsons

19
Q

Engineer best known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system; his name is also the SI unit of magnetic flux density

20
Q

the effect that causes the emission of electrons or other free carriers when light hits a material, proven by Albert Einstein in 1921

A

The photoelectric effect

21
Q

Scottish mathematical physicist who formulated the classical theory of electromagnetic radiation, bringing together for the first time electricity, magnetism, and light as different manifestations of the same phenomenon in his set of coupled differential equations

A

James Clerk Maxwell

22
Q

Danish scientist who discovered that electric currents create magnetic fields, which was the first connection found between electricity and magnetism

A

Hans Christian Ørsted

23
Q

SI Unit of Power

24
Q

Inventor of the first electrical battery that could continuously provide an electric current to a circuit, copper and zinc discs separated by cardboard or felt spacers soaked in salt water (the electrolyte)

A

Alessandro Volta

the battery was called a voltaic pile

25
English scientist who was the first to systematically experiment with electrical conduction after his 1729 discovery that his "thread-wire" could carry charge from one object to another
Stephen Gray
26
Discovered the photoelectric effect, and has an SI unit named after him.
Heinrich Hertz
27
Substances that produce an electrically conducting solution when dissolved in a polar solvent, such as water
Electrolyte
28
French physicist and inventor of the solenoid (a term coined by him) and the electrical telegraph
André-Marie Ampère
29
German physicist whose current law and voltage law are used to solve series and parallel circuits
Gustav Kirchhoff
30
German physicist who found that there is a direct proportionality between the potential difference (voltage) applied across a conductor and the resultant electric current
Georg Ohm | This relationship is known as Ohm's law.
31
SI Unit of energy
Joule
32
Device that restarts a stopped heart via a massive electric shock; commonly abbreviated AED
Automated External Defibrilator
33
Discoverer of bioelectromagnetics, demonstrating that electricity was the medium by which neurons passed signals to the muscles
Luigi Galvani
34
A type of electromagnet, the purpose of which is to generate a controlled magnetic field through a coil wound into a tightly packed helix; from the Greek for "pipe-shaped"
solenoid
35
American founding father who invented, among other things, the lightning rod, and an electric stove, and discovered the conservation of charge
Benjamin Franklin
36
SI unit of electric charge
Coulomb