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IGCSE Chemistry > Electricity and Chemistry > Flashcards

Electricity and Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Electrolysis

A

Electrolysis is the breakdown of electrolytes or an ionic compound in either a molten or aqueous state §by the passage of electricity.

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2
Q

Cathode

A

Negative electrode (attracts cations)

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3
Q

Anode

A

Positive electrode (attracts anions)

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4
Q

Cations

A

Positive (metal or hydrogen) ions

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5
Q

Anions

A

Negative (non-metal) ions

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6
Q

Inert anode

A

Carbon or platinum

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7
Q

Reactive anode

A

Zinc or copper

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8
Q

Molten

A

A molten substance means that the substance has been melted down

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9
Q

Aqueous

A

An aqueous solution means that the substance is dissolved in water.

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10
Q

Electrochemical series (cation)

A

Potassium ( k+)
Sodium( Na+)
Lithium ( Li+)
Calcium ( Ca+)
Magnesium ( Mg 2+)
Aluminium ( Al 3-)
Zinc ( Zn 2+)
Iron ( Fe 2+)
Tin ( Sn 2+ )
Lead (Pb 2+)
Hydrogen( H+)
Copper (Cu 2+)
Mercury ( Hg+ )
Silver ( Ag+)
Gold ( Au+ )

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11
Q

Electrochemical series (anion)

A

Fluorine (F-)
Sulphate (SO4 2-)
Nitrate (NO3 -)
Chlorine (Cl-)
Bromine (Br-)
Iodine (I-)
Hydroxide (OH-)

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12
Q

Electroplating

A

The process of coating metals with other metals or plastics

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13
Q

Main ore of aluminium

A

Bauxite

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14
Q

The electrodes in aluminium extraction is made of

A

Graphite

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15
Q

Bauxite is changed to

A

Pure aluminium oxide (alumina)

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16
Q

Purpose of cryolite

A

The point in cryolite is to lower the temperature from approximately 2000 to 900 degrees.

17
Q

Concentrated sodium chloride can be used in electrolysis to make

A

Hydrogen gas, chlorine gas, and sodium hydroxide

18
Q

Uses of chlorine

A

Chlorine can be then used in making solvents, treating drinking water, bleach,

19
Q

Uses of hydrogen

A

Hydrogen is used in the haber process, making fuels in cells, making margarine

20
Q

Uses of sodium hydroxide

A

Sodium hydroxide is used in soap manufacture

IGCSE Chemistry (15 decks)

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