Electrolye Disorders (P)

Question 1

What is the level for hypophosphatemia

Answer 1

<2.5 mg/dl

Question 2

What are some causes of hypophosphatemiA

Answer 2

1. Alcoholism / malnutrition
2. Consuming large amounts of antacids
3. Liver resection
4. Refeeding syndrome

Question 3

What are the signs and symptoms of hypophosphatemia

Answer 3

<1mg/dl
1. Weakness
2. Muscle pain and tenderness
3. Paresthesia
4. CNS dysfunction

Question 4

What is the treatment of hypophosphatemia (severe)

Answer 4

IV therapy is reserved for severe hypophosphatemia
1. Potassium or sodium phosphate 2mg/kg IV
*too rapid replacement can lead to hypocalceminc tetany

Question 5

What is the treatment of mild to moderate hypophosphatemia

Answer 5

Oral replacement is referred
1. Sodium-potassium phosphate OR
2. Potassium phosphate
3. Sodium phosphate

Question 6

What is the level for hyperphosphatemia

Answer 6

1. > 4.5

Question 7

What are some causes of hyperphosphatemia

Answer 7

Severe renal disease or after severe trauma
1. Increased intake and absorption
*abuse of laxatives
2. Decreased excretion
*renal failure
3. Redistribution and cellular release

Question 8

What is the treatment of hyperphosphatemia

Answer 8

1. Low phosphate diet
2. Aluminum hydroxide gel
3. Aluminum carbonate gel
4. Severe cases
   *acetazolamide 15 mg/kg OR insulin