Electronegitvity

Question 1

Define electronegativity?

Answer 1

Ability of an atom to attracted the pair of electrons in a covalent bond.

Question 2

Three factors depending on electronegativity?

Answer 2

1. Nuclear charge (amount of protons)
2. Atomic radius ( distance between outer shell and nucleus)
3. Shielding

Question 3

What happens when going up the group?

Answer 3

Electronegativity increases cause atoms are smaller (less shielding).

Question 4

What happens to electronegativity going across left to right?

Answer 4

Electronegativity increase because the nuclear charge increases. (More protons).

Question 5

Polarity of theses bonds non polar or polar. Sate whether their more electronegative.
H-H
H-F

Answer 5

H-H (delta negative-delta negative)
non polar, equal electronegativity.
H-F (delta positive -delta negative)
Polar fluorine has a higher electronegativity.

Question 6

What atom is the pair of electrons attracted to the most ?
H-Cl

Answer 6

H-Cl
Attracted towards Cl atom

Question 7

What is dipole forces?

Answer 7

Polarised molecule that has a partially negative and positive poles

Question 8

What is a dipole dipole interaction?

Answer 8

Intermolecular forces between oppositely charged molecules

Question 9

What are Van der valls

Answer 9

Attraction between instantaneous; induced dipoles. Can happen between non polar and polar molecules

(Weak electrostatic attraction between all atoms)

Question 10

What is an instantaneous dipole?

Answer 10

When a molecule becomes polar in an instant because of the oscillating electrons.

Question 11

What is an induced molecule?

Answer 11

When a polarised molecule induces a dipole in a neighbouring atom.

Question 12

3 types of intermolecular forces?
Weakest —> strongest

Answer 12

Van der valls
Dipole- dipole
Hydrogen bonds