Electrostatics And Electroscope

Question 1

Why are living creatures good conductors?

Answer 1

They have a lot of water in their bodies and water is a good conductor
The nervous is system is designed to conduct electrical signals

Question 2

What are the two groups of materials?

Answer 2

Insulators and conductors

Question 3

What are insulators?

Answer 3

They are not very good at conducting a charge

Question 4

What are conductors?

Answer 4

They allow electrons to flow

Question 5

What are examples of insulators?

Answer 5

Wool

Plastic

Question 6

What are examples of conductors?

Answer 6

Iron
Silicon
Alloys
Sand
Copper 
Gold
Silver

Question 7

What are the two types of conductors?

Answer 7

Good

Poor

Question 8

What are poor conductors?

Answer 8

They do not conduct electrons well

Question 9

What are good conductors?

Answer 9

They do conduct electrons well

Question 10

What are examples of poor conductors?

Answer 10

Iron
Silicon
Alloys
Soft, thick sand

Question 11

What are examples of good conductors?

Answer 11

Hard sand
Copper
Silver
Gold

Question 12

Which material can become electrostatic?

Answer 12

Insulators

Question 13

Why are insulators the only material that can become electrostatic?

Answer 13

Because friction causes electrons to flow
When they fall on conductors, they flow right through
When they fall on insulators, they build up, causing a negative charge to build up

Question 14

Why can electrons affect the electroscope?

Answer 14

The metal disc, the rod and the gold leaf are all conductors

Question 15

How do you draw an electroscope?

Answer 15

A capital T that is five to six lines big

Question 16

What does polarised mean?

Answer 16

When a single object has a negative charge on the one side and a positive charge on the other side, but the overall charge is still neutral

Question 17

Why does gold leaf in an electroscope rise when a positive charge is brought near?

Answer 17

Once the electroscope has become polarised, the positive charge in the rod will repel the gold leaf

Question 18

What is the process of “polarising” called?

Answer 18

Induction

Question 19

What is conduction?

Answer 19

Charging an object through contact

Question 20

Why does the gold leaf lift up when a negative charge is brought near to it?

Answer 20

The rod and the gold leaf become negatively charged, so the leaf is repelled

Question 21

How does an electroscope become charged?

Answer 21

When a charged object is brought into CONTACT with a neutral electroscope, the electrons will jump through the metal disc. The electroscope now has a charge.

Question 22

Can an electroscope become charged negatively and positively?

Answer 22

Yes, it can work both ways

Question 23

How do insulators build up an electrostatic charge?

Answer 23

Through friction

Question 23

Which subatomic particles can move?

Answer 23

Electrons

Question 24

Can protons move?

Answer 24

No, of course not

Question 25

How does an insulator gain a positive charge?

Answer 25

It has to lose electrons

Question 26

How does an insulator become negatively charged?

Answer 26

It needs to gain electrons

Question 27

How can an object exert an electrostatic force?

Answer 27

It must become charged

Question 28

What kind of force static is electricity?

Answer 28

Field

Question 29

What kind of force will two objects with like charges exert on one another?

Answer 29

Repulsion

Question 30

What kind of force will two objects with unlike charges exert on each other?

Answer 30

Attraction

Question 31

What kind of force exists between an uncharged object and a charged object?

Answer 31

Attraction

Question 32

Why will an uncharged object attract a charged object?

Answer 32

When the charged object is brought near to the uncharged object, it will either attract/repel those electrons The uncharged object has now gained a charge, which will be opposite to the original charged object These are unlike charges so they will attract

Question 33

What is the function of an electroscope?

Answer 33

To tell whether an object is charged | To tell what type of charge it carries

Question 34

What are the parts of an electroscope?

Answer 34

``` Metal disk Insulator Gold leaf Metal rod Glass Metal box ```

Question 35

What is the metal disk for?

Answer 35

To transmit the charge

Question 36

What is the insulator for?

Answer 36

To ensure that the charge goes directly to the gold leaf

Question 37

What is the gold leaf for?

Answer 37

It is a good conductor It is free to move It will clearly be affected by the charge

Question 38

What is the metal rod for?

Answer 38

To conduct the charge from the disk to the gold leaf

Question 39

What is the glass for?

Answer 39

To prevent the leaf from discharging | To allow the viewer to see the gold leaf

Question 40

What is the metal box for?

Answer 40

To hold the electroscope

Question 41

What happens when a charged object is brought near to an electroscope?

Answer 41

The charge will travel through the disk, through the metal rod to the gold leaf The gold leaf and the metal rod will repel each other The gold leaf will lift up

Question 42

How does the gold show a stronger charge?

Answer 42

It will lift higher

Question 43

What will happen to an electroscope when a positive object is NEAR?

Answer 43

The electrons in the base of the electroscope will be attracted to the object They will move up the rod toward the object The gold is now positive The disk is now negative The metal rod is now positive The gold leaf will be repelled by the metal rod It will rise When the object is removed, the leaf will fall back down

Question 44

How do we know the electroscope is neutral?

Answer 44

The gold leaf will be hanging down

Question 45

What will happen to an electroscope when a negative object is NEAR?

Answer 45

The electrons in the metal disk will be repelled They will move down to the rod and leaf The disk is now positive The leaf and rod are negative They will repel one another The gold will lift up When the object is removed, the gold leaf will fall back down

Question 46

What is important to remember when drawing a polarised electroscope?

Answer 46

The entire electroscope is still neutral Use vectors to show the movement of electrons Use vectors to show the movement of the gold leaf

Question 47

What will happen to an electroscope when a positive object makes CONTACT?

Answer 47

The electrons in the electroscope will jump to the object The electroscope now has an overall positive charge The metal rod and the leaf will repel one another The leaf will lift up When the object is removed the leaf will still stay up

Question 48

What will happen to an electroscope when a negative object makes CONTACT?

Answer 48

The electrons in the object will jump to the electroscope The electroscope now has an overall negative charge The metal rod and the leaf will repel one another The leaf will lift up When the object is removed the leaf will still stay up

Question 49

Why are the components of an electroscope made of metal?

Answer 49

So that electrons can flow easily

Question 50

What is earthing?

Answer 50

The process whereby surplus charges can be removed from an object

Question 51

How can earthing occur?

Answer 51

When a charged object makes contact with a greater object, like the Earth

Question 52

How does earthing work?

Answer 52

The Earth is big enough to give or take charges without becoming charged, thereby neutralising the object

Question 53

What does the symbol for Earth look like?

Answer 53

An upside down T with two smaller lines beneath it

Question 54

What happens when an object is not big enough to "earth" a charged object?

Answer 54

There will be a division of charges

Question 55

Where does a division of charges occur?

Answer 55

Between two identical objects

Question 56

What is a division of charges between two identical objects?

Answer 56

When two identical objects touch, they will each try to neutralise each other If they are not big enough, then there will still be an imbalance of charges However, the electrons will have divided evenly between the two objects, giving them the exact same charge