Electrotherapy: Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulatio (NMES) & Russian Stimulation

Question 1

NMES and Russian

What type of muscle fibers are stimulated by electricity?

Answer 1

Type IIb fibers

• characterized by high force/power/speed production and low endurance
• Type IIb fast-twitch fibers, or fast glycolytic fibres, are recruited for very short-duration high-intensity bursts of power such as maximal and near-maximal lifts and short sprints.

Question 2

NMES and Russian

Theraputic use of Electricity (inidications):

Answer 2

1. Improving strenght and function of muscle contraction (type IIb fibers)
2. sensory and motor stimulation for pain modulation
3. tissue healing/repair
4. edema control
5. delivering medications to tissues

Question 3

NMES and Russian

the force that allows charged particles to move is called…

Answer 3

voltage

Question 4

NMES and Russian

what is current?

Answer 4

the flow of electrons when voltage is present

Question 5

NMES and Russian

unit of currents?

Answer 5

amps

Question 6

NMES and Russian

what type of current is used in iontoporesis?

Answer 6

direct current

Also used for denervated muscle for disuse atrophy

Question 7

NMES and Russian

what type of current uses Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) & Russian Stimulation?

Answer 7

Time modulated/burst - Alternating Current

Question 8

NMES and Russian

Symmetrical vs Asymmetrical waveforms

Answer 8

• symmetrical are always balanced
• asymmetrical can be balanced or unbalanced
  
  • if unbalanced pt may feel a spike
• usually we want balance

Question 9

NMES and Russian

frequency is measured in…

Answer 9

cycles per second, Hertz

Question 10

NMES and Russian

as frequency increases, phase duration ________

Answer 10

decreases

Question 11

NMES and Russian

what type of modulated AC is used for contraction of innervated muscle and is a strong current (NMES and Russian)?

Answer 11

time modelated/burst AC

Question 12

NMES and Russian

NMES

Answer 12

Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation

Question 13

NMES and Russian

amplitude modulated AC is used for ….

Answer 13

pain modulation

Question 14

NMES and Russian

which one of these AC is used for pain modulation?

Answer 14

Amplitude-modulated AC

Question 15

NMES and Russian

Types of pulsed currents:

Answer 15

• Monophasic
• Biphasic:
  
  • Symmetrical
  • Asymmetrical:
    
    • Balanced
    • Unbalanced

Question 16

NMES and Russian

Pulsed current polarity can be:

Answer 16

1. monophasic
2. biphasic

Question 17

NMES and Russian

pulsed current waveforms can be:

Answer 17

symmetrical or asymmetrical

Question 18

NMES and Russian

pulsed current in terms of net charge can be:

Answer 18

balanced or unbalanced

Question 19

NMES and Russian

time dependent parameters in NMES and Russian?

Answer 19

• frequency: pulses per second (PPS)
• pulse duration
• on-off time (inter-pulse width)
• Ramp up / ramp down time

Question 20

NMES and Russian

Electrical current paramaters for NMES and Russian:

Answer 20

• amplitude
• modulation
• burst mode/time modulated

Question 21

NMES and Russian

Time modulated/burst AC

Answer 21

• for russian current