Element 7: Child Development Flashcards
What does child development refer to?
the physical, cognitive, emotional and social growth that occurs throughout a child and young person’s life
What are the areas of development? (PILES)
Physical, Intellectual, Language, Emotional, Social
What does the term “holistic” mean?
Overall or all round; the idea that the parts of something are interconnected so looking at the whole rather than each individual part.
What is physical development?
The process that starts in human infancy and continues into late adolescent concentrating on gross and fine motor skills as well as puberty.
What does physical development involve?
It involves taking control over the body, particularly muscles and physical coordination.
What are gross motor skills?
They’re large body movements made with arms, legs, feet or entire body.
Examples of gross motor skills:
Crawling, Running, Jumping, Balance >locomotive skills
What are fine motor skills?
They’re smaller actions using hand-eye coordination.
Examples of fine motor skills:
Pincer grasp, Tripod grasp
What is neurological development?
It is how the brain develops and makes neurological pathways that influence performance or functioning.
Examples of neurological skills:
reading ability, social skills, memory, attention, focus skills
What is cognitive development? What does it include?
It is the construction of thought processes and perception including: remembering (short and long term memory), problem solving (reasoning), decision making (making judgements), imagination (creativity/pretend play), neurological (brain development).
When does cognitive development take place?
From childhood, through adolescence to adulthood.
What is sensory perception?
the way the senses provide constant feedback to the brain
What is language development?
this is about being able to understand what others say, as well as being able to speak and make yourself understood. It is also about processing language, linking to experience and knowledge, adapting to a situation or audience. It is also about learning to read and write.
Does language development include non-verbal communication as well as verbal communication?
Yes
What is emotional development?
It is the emergence of a child’s experience, expression, understanding, and regulation of emotions from birth through to late adolescence.
What is social development?
It is the process by which a child learns to react with others around them and make friends.
As children develop and perceive their own individuality, what skills do they start to gain?
Communication with other people and processing their actions.
What is the result of communicating with others?
Forming relationships.
What are the 3 prime areas of EYFS?
personal, social and emotional development
communication and language development
physical development
What are the 4 specific areas of EYFS?
literacy
mathematics
expressive art and design
understanding the world
What does the term “developmental norms” mean?
Standards by which the progress of a child’s development can be measured.
Example of developmental norms:
The average age at which a child walks, learns to talk or reaches puberty would be such a standard. These would be used to judge whether the child is progressing normally.
What does the term “milestones” mean?
A significant stage or event in the development of something (a child).
What is an example of a milestone?
A child going from communicating with grunts and gestures to communicating with prepositional phrases.
What does the term “whole group discussion” mean?
a pedagogical strategy that involves having all members of the class discuss a topic as a group
What defines “developmental surveillance”?
Skilled observations made by the pediatrician of a child and their family that takes into account parental concerns and the child’s developmental history
How often should a developmental surveillance be performed?
By every pediatrician at every visit
What is developmental screening?
The use of a standardised objective measure that is given to the parent to assess development.
How often is developmental screening recommended?
At least 3 times, at 9 months, 18 months and 24 months.
Why is it important to monitor a child’s development?
So we can recognise potential delays on development that might indicate a developmental concern. Early recognition then allows us to address and treat development delays.
