Elements and compounds Flashcards
(26 cards)
How many known elements are there currently?
118.
What is an element?
Any substance containing only one type of atom.
What is the rule of breaking down an element?
you cannot change one element into another or anything simpler with a chemical reaction.
What are compounds?
2 or more different elements chemically bonded together
What is the periodic table?
A table/chart where all the elements are ordered based on atomic mass and properties.
What are the 3 main ways to classify elements?
Metals, Non-metals and Metalloids
What are the properties of metals?
Metals are shiny, very dense, malleable, melt at very high temperatures, corrode and are good conductors of heat and electricity.
What are the properties on non-metals?
Non-metals are dull, have low density, brittle, melt at low temperatures, and are good insulators.
What are the properties of metalloids?
Metalloids are shiny or dull, average conductors of heat and electricity and are malleable.
Are metals the majority or minority of elements on the periodic table?
Majority.
Where are non-metals located?
On the top right corner of the periodic table.
Are the properties of metalloids the same as metals or non-metals?
A mix of both.
Chemical symbols are:
a 1-2 letter combination that is unique to that element. e.g. He for helium (some are to do with the spelling of the name others originate from names of the element in other languages such as Latin).
How do you create a chemical symbol for a compound?
When elements combine to create compounds, their chemical symbols also combine to make unique chemical symbols for different compounds e.g water is H2O for 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.
True or false: Compounds can be made of other compounds
True.
- Choose all that apply: Which of the following are examples of elements? A) iron B) carbon dioxide C) sulfur D) Methane
- What are the chemical symbols for the elements?
- A) Iron and C) Sulfur
- Fe and S
Recite the top 18 elements on the periodic table.
Hydrogen, helium, lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, Fluorine, neon, sodium, magnesium, aluminium, silicone, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine and argon
What is a lattice?
a recurring pattern in which the atoms are ordered in an element.
What is the smallest unit of an element that retains its properties?
Atom
True or False: Compounds are formed when two or more different types of atoms chemically bond together.
True
Fill in the blank: The periodic table organizes elements by increasing __________.
atomic number
Which of the following is a compound? A) Oxygen B) Water C) Hydrogen
B) Water
What are the two main types of substances found on the periodic table?
Elements and Compounds
What is the chemical formula for table salt?
NaCl
