Elevated Mood Flashcards
Define bipolar I
One or more previous episode of mania, classic manic-depressive psychosis
Define bipolar II
Current/past hypomania episode and current/past depressive episode - never met the criteria for mania
Define bipolar III
Hypomanic episodes when on antidepressants
Define bipolar
A disorder characterised by two or more episodes in which the patients mood and activity levels are significantly disturbed - hypomania or mania and on others depression
Describe hypomania
Level of disturbance just below mania elevated mood or irritable to an abnormal degree sustained for at least 4 days - somewhat interferes with personal functioning and at least three others symptoms
What are the other symptoms of hypomania?
- Increased activity
- Increased talkativeness
- Concentration problems
- Decreased need for sleep
- Increased sexual energy
- Mild spending sprees
Describe mania
Elevated, expansive or irritable abnormal mood, prominent and sustained for one week - severe interference with daily life and three associated symptoms
What are the associated symptoms of mania?
- Increased activity
- Increased talkativeness
- Flight of ideas, racing thoughts
- Loss of social inhibitions
- Decreased need for sleep
- Inflated self-esteem/grandiosity
- Distractibility/constant change
- Reckless, dangerous behaviour
- Marked sexual energy/indiscretions
What appearance/behaviour will be observed?
Bright clothes, distracted, overfamiliarity
What speech changes will be observed?
Increased talkativeness, punning (rhyming), clang associations
What is the lifetime prevalence of bipolar disease?
1-4%
When does bipolar usually start?
Late teens/early 20s
Describe anticipation
Family history leads to younger onset with a more problematic course of disease
After what age is an organic pathology more likely?
60 years old
State the comorbidities associated with bipolar
Anxiety, alcohol/drug misuse, personality disorder, eating disorders, schizoaffective, schizophrenia
