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Tudors > Elizabeth Later Years 1588-1603 > Flashcards

Elizabeth Later Years 1588-1603 Flashcards

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1
Q

DEFENSE OF THE ROYAL PREROGATIVE

A

DEFENSE OF THE ROYAL PREROGATIVE

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2
Q

What were the new generations of Parliamentarians unhappy about?

A

Elizabeth’s privileges

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3
Q

What 2 things caused friction for QE?

A

Her use of purveyance and monopolies

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4
Q

In what Parliament did they ask for the remedy of grievances over purveyance?

A

1593

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5
Q

What was QE’s response to her being questioned over her use of purveyance?

A

She said they were infringing on her royal prerogative - issue couldn’t be debated

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6
Q

What pamphlet did Northampton MP Peter Wentworth write?

A

‘A Pithy Exhortation to Her Majesty for Establishing Her Successor’

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7
Q

What did Peter Wentworth urge QE to do in his pamphlet?

A

To allow Parliament to examine claimants to the succession and decide what was best

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8
Q

What did Peter Wentworth say about QE not leaving a successor?

A

That she will leave ‘a name of infamy throughout the world’ is she left the succession undecided

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9
Q

When was Peter Wentworth first imprisoned?

A

1591

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10
Q

When did monopolies become a real focus in Parliament?

A

1597

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11
Q

Why did QE grant monopolies to her servants?

A

War meant QE could no longer reward servants with grants or pensions

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12
Q

What MP said monopolies were being abused?

A

Robert Wingfield

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13
Q

What did QE agree to in regards to monopolies in the 1597 Parliament?

A

That monopolies that caused rising prices on basic goods should be cancelled

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14
Q

Who drew up a list of monopolies and told Robert Cecil that they should be cancelled?

A

Lord Buckhurst, the Lord Treasurer

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15
Q

What were monopoly holders referred to as in the 1601 Parliament?

A

‘Bloodsuckers’

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16
Q

What was thrust into QE’s hand in the 1601 Parliament?

A

A petition to end monopolies

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17
Q

What MP supported the method of petition to end monopolies?

A

Francis Bacon

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18
Q

What was the other method considered by MPs to end monopolies?

A

A bill to end monopolies

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19
Q

What monopolies did QE end in 1601?

A

Pilchards and coal tar

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20
Q

What speech did QE give which ended the issue of monopolies until after the reign?

A

The Golden Speech

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21
Q

RELATIONSHIP WITH PARLIAMENT AFTER 1588

A

RELATIONSHIP WITH PARLIAMENT AFTER 1588

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22
Q

How many Parliaments were called from 1588 to 1603?

A

4

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23
Q

What did the Exchequer agree to in 1589?

A

That 2 Four Tenths and Fifteenths should be levied - £480,000

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24
Q

How much did the war with Spain cost from 1585 to 1589?

A

£1 million

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25
What did Parliament agree to in 1593?
A double subsidy and four tenths and fifteenths
26
What did Robert Cecil claim the deficit was in the 1601 Parliament?
£140,000
27
How much did Robert Cecil argue was needed in a grant at the 1601 Parliament?
£300,000
28
What did government put forward in the 1593 Parliament?
Measures aimed at Roman Catholics and Puritan dissenters
29
What were Roman Catholics ordered to do?
Stay within 5 miles of their home
30
Who led the resistance to harsher laws on Purtians?
Walter Raleigh
31
WAR WITH SPAIN
WAR WITH SPAIN
32
What were 2 ways England prepared for war with Spain?
- Beacons set up on hills to be lit if a fleet invaded - Coastal towns ordered to provide further shipping
33
Why were there complaints about coastal towns being ordered to provide further shipping?
The subsidy had just been collected and they already had to pay out supplies for the militia
34
How many men assembled at Tilbury under the Earl of Leicester?
12,500 men
35
When was the Spanish Armada?
8th August 1588
36
What did QE say to troops at Tilbury the day after the Spanish Armada had been defeated?
'I know I have the body of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the heart and stomach of a King'
37
How much did QE have to borrow from her wealthy subjects in 1588?
£75,000
38
What was the interest rate on the £56,000 loan QE took from the City of London in 1588?
10%
39
What caused more death in the war with Spain than the fighting?
QE could not pay her sailors > Conditions worsened and disease spread
40
Whose death in September 1588 crushed QE?
Robert Dudley, the Earl of Leicester
41
How many men did QE send to France in 1590?
4000 men
42
How many men did QE send to France in 1591?
6000 men
43
What did QE call Henry IV of France?
'The most ungrateful king that liveth'
44
What did QE give Henry IV of France as a gift in 1589?
£20,000
45
What leading Councillor died in 1590?
Walsingham
46
What leading Councillor died in 1591?
Hatton
47
Who did the Earl of Essex have a rivalry with in the 1590s?
Robert Cecil
48
Why was the Earl of Essex a national hero?
He was successful in Cadiz in 1596
49
Why were QE's councillors in her later years a problem?
They were not of the same calibre as their fathers
50
How many men died in the war with Spain?
105,000
51
How many men died in the war with Spain before 1594?
50,000
52
When did Philip II die?
1598
53
Who was promised the position of Archbishop of Canterbury by Philip of Spain were victorious?
Cardinal William Allen
54
What did Cardinal William Allen write to convince the English to join the Spanish army?
'Admonition to the People and Nobility' - 1588
55
Who did the Earl of Northumberland (Catholic) say would take the throne after QE's death?
James, son of MQoS
56
What Catholic sympathiser at court favoured Infanta Isabella's claim to the throne?
Lord Buckhurst
57
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
58
In what years were there a disastrous run of harvests?
1594 to 1598
59
In what famous piece of literature were the bad harvests mentioned?
Shakespeare's 'Midsummer Night's Dream'
60
How much larger was the population in the 1590s than it had been 50 years earlier?
1 million
61
In what 2 years was every town affected by plague deaths?
1596 and 1597
62
In 1598, what % of people in Kent could not support themselves?
12%
63
How much did the death rate increase in 1595-97?
50%
64
How many vagabonds were punished in 1598?
67
65
How many vagabonds were usually punished in a year?
12
66
How many vagabonds were punished in the London Bridewell in 1600-01?
555
67
How many vagabonds were punished in the London Bridewell in 1578-79?
209
68
What did the Privy Council forbid in an attempt to ease social problems?
The export of grain
69
How much higher were food prices in 1596 than they usually were?
100% higher
70
What was cancelled in 1593 due to food riots?
The Goose Fair
71
LATER YEARS UNREST
LATER YEARS UNREST
72
When was the government forced to abandon its attempt to collect ship money?
1596
73
Where was there a mutiny in 1602?
Gloucester
74
What caused the mutiny in Gloucester in 1602?
The army refused to pay for uniforms
75
When was the Oxfordshire Rising?
November 1596
76
How many participated in the Oxfordshire Rising?
5
77
What were some of the professions of the men in the Oxfordshire Rising?
Mason, carpenter, miller
78
What was the plan of the Oxfordshire rising?
- Throw down on local enclosures - Attack Norris' headquarters and seize guns - March on London
79
How many men actually rose up in the Oxfordshire rising?
1
80
What did the government charge the 5 ring leaders of the Oxfordshire rising with?
Treason - under the Treason Act 1571
81
How many of the men in the Oxfordshire rising were executed?
2
82
What happened to the men in the Oxfordshire rising who were not executed?
They were imprisoned
83
What was the main reason for the Oxfordshire Rising?
Economic problems
84
What did Parliament pass in 1591 to reverse enclosure?
The Tillage Act 1591
85
When was Tyrone's Rebellion?
1598 to 1603
86
Who led Tyrone's Rebellion?
Hugh O'Neill, the Earl of Tyrone
87
How much did England spend fighting in Ireland?
£2 million
88
What battle did England lose in 1598?
The Battle of Yellow Ford
89
How many died in the Battle of Yellow Ford?
1500
90
When did the Earl of Tyrone swear allegiance to Philip?
1596
91
How many men was Essex sent to Ireland with?
16,000
92
How many men did Essex take with him to face Tyrone?
4000
93
What did Essex do when in Ireland?
Essex negotiated a peace treaty without QE's permission
94
How much did it cost to send Essex and his troops to Ireland?
£280,000
95
Who replaced Essex in leading the army in Ireland?
Lord Mountjoy
96
Where did Spanish troops land in 1601?
Kinsale
97
When did Spanish troops in Ireland surrender?
1602
98
What did Essex join in 1589 against QE's direct orders?
The expedition to Lisbon
99
What weakened the Earl of Essex's position?
His rivalry with Cecil
100
What was Cecil appointed in 1596 whilst Essex was on an expedition to Cadiz?
Principal Secretary
101
What did Essex do after QE slapped him during a discussion on who should be sent to Ireland?
He went to draw his sword
102
What did Essex do which led to him being placed under house arrest?
He came back from Ireland without QE's permission
103
Where did Essex have widespread support?
The City of London
104
Why was Essex criticised in his return to England?
He failed to battle Tyrone
105
Why did QE replace Essex with Lord Mountjoy?
It removed an Essex ally
106
What did Essex try to persuade Lord Mountjoy to do?
Return from Ireland with an army to support him
107
How did QE punish Essex for returning to England without permission?
She refused to renew his patent on sweet wines
108
Who did Essex approach, suggesting that Cecil would place the Spanish Infanta on the throne when QE died?
James VI in Scotland
109
What play did Essex commission, sending a message?
Richard II (Shakespeare)
110
How many were executed for the Essex rebellion?
6 including Essex
111
When was Essex executed?
25th February 1601
112
DECLINE IN POPULARITY
DECLINE IN POPULARITY
113
What was a complaint from Labourers in the 1590s?
'We shall never have a merry world while the queen liveth'
114
What were some people heard wishing during the economic crisis of the 1590s?
Heard wishing the queen dead
115
What was QE described as in 1601?
'Old and ill'
116
How many children was QE rumoured to have in the 1590s?
3, all with different men
117
How many teeth had QE lost?
Several on one side of the mouth
118
Why was QE mocked?
For wearing a bright red wig
119
What did QE's last parliament in 1601 end with?
A flurry praise of her graciousness

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