ELSS management water cycle Flashcards
what is Forestry
managing forests, It includes planting new trees, protecting trees from harm like fires or pests, and sometimes cutting down trees carefully so the forest stays healthy and can keep growing.
forestry impact on water cycle
Forests act like sponges and store water in its roots and sponges. They also maintain the flow and cycling of water between soil and atmosphere
Disadvantages of forestry
difficult because requires lots of economic investments. Climate and terrain can impact ability to enforce forestry.
example and evidence of forestry
The Costa Rican Payment for Environmental Services Program (PESP) Established in the late 1990s, this program incentivizes landowners to preserve forested areas, reforest, manage forests sustainably, and conserve natural resources increased its forest cover from 21% in 1987 to over 50% by the mid-2010s.
what are water allocations
water is allocated to 3 different main sectors: industry, domestic and agricultural
-Agriculture accounts for approximately 70% of global freshwater withdrawals. This includes irrigation, livestock watering, and aquaculture.
-Industry, including manufacturing, power generation, and mining, consumes about 19% of the total.
-Domestic use, which includes drinking water, sanitation, and household needs, accounts for roughly 11% of global water use.
how do water allocations effect the water cycle
-water is extracted from various stores eg. ground water depletion, extraction from lakes and rivers. Use less water in these allocations in protects the water cycle
disadvantages on managing water allocation
-hard to regulate water usage
-water is needed in all three of these sectors and reducing this can have economic impacts
evidence and examples of water allocations being managed
agricultural- Isreal is a pioneer in drip irrigation, it saves 30-60 percent more water.
domestic- low-flow shower heads can reduce water usage by up to 70%, and modern efficient toilets can save thousands of gallons of water per year for a typical household.
Industrial- reusing and recycling water The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has reported that industries that implement water recycling and reuse strategies can reduce their water consumption by 50% to 90%
what is drainage basin planning
A drainage basin is an area of land where water from rain or snow melt drains downhill into a body of water such as a river, lake, wetland or ocean. Planning involves setting environmental objectives for all groundwater and surface waters within the river basin district.
how does drainage basin planning impact the water cycle
manages where water goes and how it’s used. Planning makes sure that rainwater and melted snow flows into rivers and lakes without taking away too much or making them dirty. This way, the water can continue its natural journey, evaporating into the air, forming clouds, and then raining back down again. Good planning keeps the water cycle moving smoothly, ensuring that there’s enough clean water for plants, animals, and people.
drainage basin planning why can it be difficult
-environmental impacts
-economic impacts
drainage basin planning evidence and examples
The Mississippi River Basin Healthy Watersheds Initiative (MRBI), aims to reduce sediment in Mississippi.
The Integrated Ganges Basin Management Plan aims to improve quality of water and manage the river’s resources sustainably. It includes efforts to treat sewage before they enter the river, promote water-efficient agriculture practices, and improve the management of solid waste.
