Embryo

Question 1

3 germ layers

Answer 1

endoderm
mesoderm
ectoderm

Question 2

derivatives: organs, gut, respiratory tract, “tubular structres”

Answer 2

endoderm

Question 3

derivatives: msk: muscles, ligaments, tendons

Answer 3

mesoderm:

paraxial - somatic

Question 4

derivatives: smooth muscle of organs

Answer 4

mesoderm:

paraxial - splanchnic

Question 5

derivatives: urogenital system + kidney

Answer 5

mesoderm:

intermediate

Question 6

derivatives: skull muscles and dentine of teeth

Answer 6

mesoderm:

head

Question 7

derivatives: adrenal cortex, CT, cardiovascular and lymph

Answer 7

mesoderm:

lateral plate

Question 8

derivatives: epidermis, anterior pit, lens of eye, skin, enamel, hair, nails

Answer 8

ectoderm:

surface

Question 9

derivatives: n. tube, posterior pit, retina of eye, CNS, oligodendrocytes

Answer 9

ectoderm:

neuroectoderm

Question 10

derivatives: CNS, brain and spinal cord

Answer 10

ectoderm:

neural tube

Question 11

derivatives: outside CNS, symp chain ganglion, DRG, ANS, PNS, adrenal medulla

Answer 11

ectoderm:

neural crest

Question 12

what is the embryology order

Answer 12

notochord - neural plate - neural groove - neural tube - neural crest cells

Question 13

lamina failed to fuse

what vitamin prevents this from happening

Answer 13

spina bifida

B9/folic acid

Question 14

meninges protrude out

Answer 14

meningocele

Question 15

spinal cord protrudes out bc meninges not developed properly

Answer 15

myelocele

Question 16

spinal cord + meninges proturding out

Answer 16

meningomyelocele

Question 17

cerebellar peduncles come below foramen magnum

Answer 17

arnold chiari 1

Question 18

arnold chiari 1 + meningomyelocele (usually lumbar spine)

Answer 18

arnold chiari 2

Question 19

failure of maxillary and palatine bones to fuse

Answer 19

cleft palate

Question 20

persists as nucleus pulposus

Answer 20

notochord

Question 21

pairs of mesodermal somites from paraxial mesoderm

Answer 21

31

Question 22

membranous vertebral column

Answer 22

sclerotome

Question 23

muscle

Answer 23

myotome

Question 24

dorsal, posterior mm, extensor

Answer 24

epimere

Question 25

ventral, anterior mm, flexor

Answer 25

hypomere

Question 26

nerves

Answer 26

dermatome

Question 27

stomodeum

Answer 27

mouth

Question 28

back of throat to 1st 1/3 of duodenum

Answer 28

foregut

Question 29

last 2/3 duodenum to 1st 2/3 transverse colon

Answer 29

midgut

Question 30

last 1/3 transverse colon to anus

Answer 30

hindgut

Question 31

gubernaculum in males

Answer 31

scrotal ligament (testis)

Question 32

gubernaculum in females

Answer 32

suspensory ligament of ovary, ovary lig, round lig

Question 33

primary vesicles

Answer 33

prosencephalon mesencephalon rhombencephalon

Question 34

prosencephalon secondary vesicles

Answer 34

telencephalon | diencephalon

Question 35

mesencephalon secondary vesicle

Answer 35

mesencephalon

Question 36

rhombencephalon secondary vesicles

Answer 36

metencephalon | myelencephalon

Question 37

cortices + basal ganglion

Answer 37

telencephalon

Question 38

thalamus and pineal gland

Answer 38

diencephalon

Question 39

midbrain

Answer 39

mesencephalon

Question 40

pons + cerebellum

Answer 40

metencephalon

Question 41

medulla oblongata

Answer 41

myelencephalon

Question 42

CN 1

Answer 42

telencephalon

Question 43

CN 2

Answer 43

diencephalon

Question 44

CN 3,4

Answer 44

mesencephalon

Question 45

CN 5-8

Answer 45

metencephalon

Question 46

CN 9-12

Answer 46

myelencephalon

Question 47

lateral venricle

Answer 47

telencephalon

Question 48

3rd ventricle

Answer 48

diencephalon

Question 49

aqueduct of sylvius

Answer 49

mesencephalon

Question 50

4th ventricle

Answer 50

metencephalon

Question 51

4th ventricle at floor of 4th (obex)

Answer 51

myelencephalon