Embryology Flashcards
(34 cards)
When does Gastrulation begin
Week 3
Thickening of ectoderm anterior to primitive node is
Neural Plate
Anterior (Cranial/Rostral) neuropore closes when?
18-20 somite stage (25 days)
Posterior (Caudal) neuropore closes when
Day 27
When does neural tube closure begin
Day 18
When does neural tube closure complete
End of 4th Week (day 27)
Failure of neural tube to close properly leads to what neural tube defects
Anencephaly
Encephalocoele
Spina Bifida
Exencephaly/Anencephaly(Meroencephaly) is what
Failure of anterior neuropore to close
Exencephaly/Anencephaly(Meroencephaly) what happens to skull
Fails to form
What is encephalocoele
herniation of cerebral tissue that defect in skull. failure of closure of rostral neural tube.
encephalocoele is more frequent in
occipital region
What is spina bifida
defective closure of caudal neural tube
Spina bifida occulta occurs where
L5 and L6 vertebrae
Prevention of Spina Bifida
Folic acid Supplements
Prenatal Diagnosis of Spina Bifida
Maternal Blood Screening
- Indicated by high levels a fetoprotein in serum
- best detected 16-20 weeks
Amniocentesis
Ultrasound
Anencephaly can be picked up on ultrasound from what week
12
Spina bifida can be picked up on ultrasound from what week
16-20 weeks
The prosencephalon is also called the
forebrain
The mesencephalon is also called the
Midbrain
The rhombencephalon is also called the
hindbrain
The cephalic flexure happens when
end of 3rd week
the cervical flexure happens when
end of 4th week
the pontine flexure happens when
5th week
The telencephalon forms the
cerebral hemispheres, hippocampus, basal ganglia
