Embryology

Question 1

process that takes place in the fallopian tube

occurs when sperm cell and egg come together in the oviduct to produce a zygote (diploid - 2n)

Answer 1

fertilization

Question 2

Growth of fertilized egg:

Answer 2

1. fertilized egg
2. 2 cell stage
3. 4-cell stage
4. 8-cell stage
5. 16-cell stage

Question 3

Steps in fertilization

Answer 3

1. Fertilization
2. Zygote formation
   * Cleave of zygote
3. Morula (solid ball of cells)
4. Blastula
   * Gastrulation
5. Gastrula (3 cell layers: trilaminar)
   * Neurulation
6. Neurula

Question 4

solid ball of cells formed after the cleavage of a zygote

Answer 4

morula

Question 5

hollow ball of cells formed from morula

implants in the uterus

Answer 5

blastula

Question 6

product of gastrulation

2 cel layers: trilaminar

Answer 6

gastrula

Question 7

3 cell layers of the gastrula

Answer 7

ectoderm
endoderm
mesoderm

Question 8

product of neurulation of the gastrula

Answer 8

neurula

Question 9

part of gastrula

forms nervous system (brain and spinal cord), epidermis, lens of eye, and inner ear

Answer 9

ectoderm

Question 10

part of gastrula
forms epithelial lining of digestive tract
lungs
liver
pancreas

Answer 10

endoderm

Question 11

part of gastrula

forms muscles, skeleton, circulatory system, gonads, kidneys

Answer 11

mesoderm

Question 12

site of exchange of food, oxygen, waste, and water between the fetus and mother

Answer 12

placenta

Question 13

provides watery environment for fetus

prevents shock to embryo/fetus

Answer 13

amnoin (amniotic fluid)

Question 14

attaches embryo to placenta

Answer 14

umbilical cord

Question 15

membrane that surrounds the amnion

Answer 15

chorion

Question 16

blood is oxygenated in the placenta
ductus arteriolus and foramen ovale shunt blood from the developing lungs
ductus denosus shunts blood from the developing liver

Answer 16

fetal circulation

Question 17

in a fetus, blood is oxygenated in the _______

Answer 17

placenta

Question 18

in a fetus, the ________ and _______ shunt blood away from the developing lungs

Answer 18

ductus arteriosis

foramen ovale

Question 19

the ______ shunts blood away from the developing liver in a fetus

Answer 19

ductus venosus

Question 20

the fetus receives oxygen and disposes of CO2 at the ______

Answer 20

placenta

Question 21

fetal respiration is facilitated by _______, which has a higher affinity for oxygen than does maternal hemoglobin

Answer 21

fetal hemoglobin