Embryology/Histology Flashcards

1
Q

___ is an intrauterine developing human; differentiated after 8 weeks into fetus

A

Embryo

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2
Q

___ are undifferentiated cells that can differentiate into specialized cells

A

stem cells

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3
Q

What germ layer develops into epidermis, hair, nails, lens of the eye, sebaceous gland?

A

Ectoderm

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4
Q

What germ layer develops into the epithelium of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Respiratory ?

A

Endoderm

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5
Q

What germ layer develops into the muscle, bone, connective tissue, fat, Cardiovascular System and Lymph System, and Genitourinary Tract ?

A

Mesoderm

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6
Q

___ is the supportive tissue of a structure or organ.

A

Stroma

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7
Q

____ is the functional tissue of a structure or organ, ie heart, liver, kidneys, etc

A

Parenchyma

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8
Q

Malignant tumors that are ____ tend to be less aggressive.

A

well differentiated

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9
Q

___ are benign tumors of epithelial tissue of glandular origin.

A

Adenomas

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10
Q

____ are malignancies of epithelial cells.

A

Carcinomas

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11
Q

____ are malignancies of epithelial cells of glandular origin.

A

Adenocarcinomas

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12
Q

What are some benign tumors of mesodermal origin

A
  • lipoma
  • hemangioma
  • uterine leiomyomas (uterine fibroids)
  • Fibromas
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13
Q

____ connective tissue is prone to marked swelling with edema, some situations can become life threatening such as Epiglottitis, Laryngeal edema or anaphylaxis.

A

Areolar (loose)

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14
Q

The TNM classification and Tumor Staging are used in medicine to determine ____ and predict the ____ of given cancer treatments.

A
  • treatment plans

- survival outcomes

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15
Q

Malignant tumors that are ___ tend to be aggressive.

A

poorly differentiated

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16
Q

____ are malignant tumors of mesodermal origin

A

Sarcomas

17
Q

Examples of diffuse fibrotic infiltration of tissues that can cause severe loss of function are: ____ and _____

A
  • liver cirrhosis

- pulmonary fibrosis

18
Q

TNM stands for ___, ___, ___

A

Tumor, Nodes, Metastasis

19
Q

In the TNM classification system, Tis means

A

Tumor in situ

20
Q

In the TNM classification system, what does N1a and N2a indicate?

A

There are regional nodes, but no metastasis

21
Q

In the TNM classification system, what does N1b, N2b, N3b indicate?

A

Regional lymph nodes - metastasis suspected

22
Q

TNM criteria is used in staging cancers for ____ and used to ____.

A
  • treatment planning

- predict survival