Emerson Eagles Case Scenario Flashcards

Question

What are exercise recommendations for school-age children? (Canadian Lifespan 353)

Answer 1

Children 5-11 should accumulate 60 minutes of exercise daily, including vigorous-intensity activities and activities that strengthen muscle and bone at least 3 days per week

Answer 2

Play should be encouraged as it provides learning and health promotion (fun and connection with family member and peers) -Organized sports -> teach team cooperation, competition, and other social skills -Scouts/clubs -> teach group functioning processes involved in performing a task, power of social relationships to create change -Can prepare children for the future -Play can help children feel good about themselves, their competence and enhance a sense of industry -Promote family activities that focus on physical activity and togetherness between parents or caregivers and children -Use of library card to encourage reading (can enhance child's understanding of human diversity) to teach a variety of topics and teach about borrowing -Monitoring of screen time -Encouragement of both group and solitary activities to support child's development

Answer 3

Play should be encouraged as it provides learning and health promotion (fun and connection with family member and peers) -Organized sports -> teach team cooperation, competition, and other social skills -Scouts/clubs -> teach group functioning processes involved in performing a task, power of social relationships to create change -Can prepare children for the future -Play can help children feel good about themselves, their competence and enhance a sense of industry -Promote family activities that focus on physical activity and togetherness between parents or caregivers and children -Use of library card to encourage reading (can enhance child's understanding of human diversity) to teach a variety of topics and teach about borrowing -Monitoring of screen time -Encouragement of both group and solitary activities to support child's development

Answer 4

10-12 hours a night without naps during the day

Answer 5

Night terrors, sleepwalking, sleep talking, and enuresis *Nursing Intervention* -Inform that most children outgrow these episodes with CNS maturation -Place protection methods to prevent child from injury during sleepwalking -Implementing relaxation techniques before bed, avoiding stressful and fatiguing situations, and providing consistency with sleep preparation patterns may be effective

Answer 6

Children engaged in self-discovery, actively building and creating their own personalities, developing relationship with others, and exposing themselves to a wide range of experiences that influence their behavior, attitude, and values -Erikson: industry versus inferiority, feeling of full mastery of whatever the child is doing, success in personal and social tasks and avoidance of a sense of inferiority, which occurs with repeated failures at attempted tasks//feeling of industry results in sense of worth and understanding of the self -Development of self-concept (self-esteem, sense of control, body concept) through experiences and relationships -Sense of self influenced by peer's perspective

Answer 7

Extent to which an individual believes oneself to be capable, significant, successful, and worthy -Depends on family as per culture to develop high self-esteem -Significant peer influence on self-esteem, contributes to self-wroth and a sense of belonging to a desired group (therefore parents should expose child to a variety of activities) -Boys may be receiving more praise than girls do, lowering their self-esteem and their opinions about their own personal appearance (can be supported by perceptions of balance and supporting their emotional health) -Self-esteem develops with success in tasks and acceptance from peers via structured and unstructured activities

Answer 8

-Child matures and beings to make more choices, developing sense of control -Greater control leads to greater responsibility for own behavior and accomplishments, resulting in feeling higher levels of accomplishment

Answer 9

-Greater knowledge of body and functions --8-11 yrs -> know that body constitute a related whole --11 yr -> can name twice the number of functions of internal body structures than a 6 yr old and understands function of cadiovascular, musculoskeletal, and nervous systems -Changes to body may frighten child until they understand normal body processes -Physical differences/Chronic illnesses may cause child to be ridiculed and feel threatened --Can be overcome by learning about body differences, meeting people with chronic diseases, as well a reading and discussing about anxiety of differences

Answer 10

Children must learn to cope with stress as part of developmental process -Can learn to identify symptoms of stress and ways to cope with perceived stresses before they cause illness -Many stressors exist for children -Bullying causes feelings of helplessness and anxiety, may affect ability to function successfully -Parental role to provide appropriate discipline in responding to negative behavior, but should listen and analyze factors related to the problem to increase child's feelings of control and decrease stress for the family -Children use a variety of coping strategies, may become stuck in coping behavior -Significant threats contributing to child's stress includes parental divorce, resulting in somatization (transferring feelings to a physical problem) and depression *Nursing intervention* -Role-playing or referral to literature on problem topic to interrupt child's negative behavior and improve family health -Refer child to relevant religious and spiritual leaders -Identify children that may seem depressed and notify parents of need for further assessment

Answer 11

Lack of nutritious foods in sufficient quantities to maintain good health, often due to financial constraints

Answer 12

*Reduced learning and productivity* (fine motor skills, language, development, brain changes, school performance, hyperactivity, memory) -*Mental health* (depression, suicide, mood + behavior, substance abuse) -*Chronic diseases* (cardiovasc, pulmonary, cancers, asthma, autoimmune, depression) -*Overweight status* (obesity)

Answer 13

Depression -PTSD -Substance abuse

Answer 14

Establishing food supplementation programs in schools -Subsidizing foods at a fixed low price in food stores -Targeting issues surrounding poverty (ex: min wage, ensure fresh groceries, education -> role of hcps through simple assessment)

Answer 15

. Assess child's nutrition, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and growth as early as possible 2. Assess family environment for risk factors 3. Collaborate with schools to assess school environments for risk and protective conditions 4. Assess neighborhoods for risk and protective conditions

Answer 16

. Support breastfeeding to six months, followed by breastfeeding and complementary feeding up to two years or beyond 2.Provide education to help caregivers to promote health eating and physical activity in their child 3.Collaborate with caregivers, educators, and support staff to promote health eating and physical activity in settings where children gather 4. Collaborate with school communities to promote physical activity 5. Support integration of health and nutrition education into school programs and improve the school food environment

Answer 17

1. Evaluate effectiveness of family's approach to healthy eating and physical activity 2. Evaluate effectiveness of school and community based primary prevention initiatives 3. Advocate and support evaluation of an organization's compliance with healthy public policies, and impact of such polices on childhood eating behaviors and physical activity

Answer 18

. Incorporate primary-prevention curriculum based on BPG into undergraduate education of nurses 2.Hcps should participate in continuing education to enhance ability to support positive behavioral and environmental changes

Answer 19

1. Engage community stakeholders when planning primary-prevention interventions 2. Develop interventions that are... -Universally applicable and as early as possible -Targeted towards multiple behaviors -Implemented using multiple approaches -Inclusive of parents/primary caregivers and the family -Implemented simultaneously in multiple settings

Answer 20

1. Collaborate with organizations to develop comprehensive health public policies that impact child healthy eating and physical activity 2. Collaborate with organizations to establish healthy public policies that address child physical activity and built environments 3. Collaborate with organizations to establish healthy public policies that address school food environment and marketing of unhealthy food to children 4.Collaborate with organizations to establish healthy public policies that address barriers to health equity 5. Advocate for establishment of comprehensive surveillance system to monitor risk and protective conditions for childhood obesity (weight, activity, eating, breastfeeding, SDOH)

Answer 21

1. Societal conditions - SDOH 2. Obesogenic environment conditions - environment conditions that promote sedentary or activity, advertising 3. Individual-level conditions - biological influences, lifestyle

Answer 22

Metabolic - diabetes, chronic diseases, menstrual abnormalities Pulmonary - sleep apnea, asthma Gastroenterological - hepatitis, choleithiasis MSK - impaired balance, joint+back pain, bone problems

Answer 23

Low self-esteem Depression

Answer 24

Stigmatization Teasing + Bullying Social marginalization Discrimination Risky behaviors (substance use)

Answer 25

aboriginal status, disabilities, early childhood development, education, employment, food insecurity, health services, gender, housing, income, racial status, social exclusion, social safety net, unemployment and job security

Answer 26

5 : Eat fruits and vegetables at least five times per day 2: Restrict screen time to two hours or less per day 1: Participate in at least one hour or more of moderate activity and 20 minutes of vigorous activity at least 3 times per week 0: Avoid soda and sweetened sports drinks and limit fruit drinks

Answer 27

Engage in a total of 180 minutes of physical activity of any intensity including... -Variety of activities -Movement skills -60 minutes of energetic play by five

Answer 28

Engage in a minimum of 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous activity including... -three days of vigorous intensity activities -three days of muscle + bone strengthening activities

Answer 29

<2 yrs: should not have screen time 2-4yrs: should not exceed one hour 5-11yrs: should not exceed two hours Limit sedentary time for all age groups in general

Answer 30

Caregivers behavior heavily influences their child's nutritional behavior as well (ex: obese mom most likely results in obese child) Nurses should ask... 1. Influence of caregiver on child's nutrition 2. Caregiver encouraging child to consume variety of foods 3. Caregiver engaging in emotional feeding/ use of food to pacify children 4. Caregiver engage in instrumental feeding/ use of food to reward children 5. Caregiver allow meals to be eaten in front of TV 6. Meals are frequently eaten together as family 7. Fast food consumption 8. Breastfeeding 9. Sugar consumption regularity 10. Consumption of healthy breakfast 11. Child's meal portions follow nutritional guidelines 12. Children permitted to self-regulate meals Ensure that the nurse asks in a non-judgemental manner, the goal is not to blame the parents but gather information regarding parental lifestyle factors that might affect the child's nutritional behavior

Answer 31

Affects the type of foods and physical activity available for the child and influences the impact and nature of interventions available for the child

Answer 32

1. Identify families at risk of poverty in order to provide appropriate information and referrals to resources that will increase income 2. Identify and address conditions that may either hinder or facilitate healthy eating and physical activity practices over time 3. Support positive behavioural changes within the context of resources that are available to the family 4. Customize healthy eating and physical activity interventions to the family's personal preferences

Answer 33

Should consider - Quality of breakfast programs offered at the school -Food served in the cafeteria -Snacks and beverages offered in vending machines -Proximity of other food sources, like restaurants to the school -Student eating habits and attitudes

Answer 34

Increases likelihood that children will meet their daily physical activity requirements, and works in tandem with changes in the food environment to promote child health and healthy weights

Answer 35

PE programs and access to free play -Condition of school's recreational facilities -Quality and accessibility of the playground

Answer 36

Early as possible in children lifespan since early childhood is a critical period for growth and development -Early implementation allows preschool children to learn and adopt healthy eating and lifestyle patterns that will persist into later life -Interventions should target preschool and elementary school children -Interventions should be applied to both non-overweight and overweight children

Answer 37

Target nutrition, physical activity, and family behaviors compared to targeting those factors one at a time

Answer 38

-Number of behavioural change techniques -Successful techniques include: providing information on link between health and behaviors, encouraging practice of healthy habits, and planning + provision of social support -Consider child's gender (social learning foundation = effective with girls, environmental change for physical activity = effective with boys) -Creative supportive environments with families (built environment, daycare, policies that address poverty, advocacy for SDOHs)

Answer 39

Strategies more effective when combined with caregiver involvement ("Family-centered approach") -Home-based interventions -Parent role in reinforcing healthy behavior in other settings, such as school -Use of therapeutic relationship with family, focus on needs of family

Answer 40

More success in multiple settings compared to a single setting -Include home, community settings, and school to reinforce positive messages about healthy eating and physical activity -Intervention across multiple settings complement each other

Answer 41

Effective monitoring, including objective health measures (scales), and subjective health measures (physical activity, health eating, parenting, SDOH) -Incorporate evaluation into home visits or telephone interviews -Nurses should document progress to inform subsequent encounters with family and facilitate continuity of care among all hcps involved -Evaluate for any program deficiencies and barriers to effective implementation -Collaboration amongst other professional and stakeholders for evaluation -Process measures, analyze which initiatives are working, for whom, and at what cost, determine extent to which health promotion is integrated into school curriculum -Outcome measures, analyze overall effects of the care provided to clients, determine effectiveness and sustainability of programs -REAIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance)

Answer 42

Provides a set of observable behaviors that describe caregiver/parent-child interaction in feeding or teaching situations

Answer 43

Ask questions pertaining to food choices, eating habits, physical activity, and growth patterns

Answer 44

Ask questions pertaining to general levels of fitness, physical activity, physical well-being and motor skills development

Answer 45

Assess growth and development based on emotional, fine motor, gross motor, social, self-help, communication, learning, and thinking skills

Answer 46

Recommended for first 6 months and up to 2 years or beyond if both the mother and child wants to continue

Answer 47

10 micrograms of vitamin D daily

Answer 48

Meat, meat alternatives, and iron-fortified cereal

Answer 49

No. Explain that feeding changes does little to manage conditions. Educate on wide variation of bowl functions, common occurrence of reflux and management of dehydration with continued breastfeeding and oral rehydration

Answer 50

1 year of age Begin to have a regular schedule of meals and snacks and should follow Canada's food guide

Answer 51

Serial measurements plotted over time best reflect a child's pattern of growth (compared to one point in time) as it provides information on slowed growth, plateaus, and rapid increases and decreases in height, weight and head circumference

Answer 52

Provides information on... -adequacy of child's nutritional intake -Diseases states -Neglect -Emotional problems

Answer 53

-Used widely to signal potential developmental and weight problems earlier in childhood/adolescence -Can help identify children at risk of becoming overweight -Early identification of obesity

Emerson Eagles Case Scenario Flashcards

(77 cards)