emotional intelligence Flashcards
(32 cards)
what is emotional intelligence?
a different type of intelligence; one that is not based on any particular cognitive ability
seen to be more important than IQ as it predicts more
what are the three models of EQ
Salovey & Mayer (1990): Four branch ability model
Goleman: Hierarchical model
Bar-On: Evolutionary model
how did Salovey and Mayer (1990) define EQ?
Emotional intelligence is “the ability to perceive emotion, integrate emotion to facilitate thought, understand emotions and to regulate emotions to promote personal growth”
what are the four main types of abilities proposed by Salovey and Mayer’s ability model?
- Perceiving emotions
- Using emotions to facilitate thinking
- Understanding emotions
- Managing emotions
what is perceiving emotion and how does this represent part of EI according to Salovey and Mayer’s ability model?
The ability to detect and decipher emotions in faces, pictures, voices, language and behaviour - including the ability to identify one’s own emotions and express them properly
This represents a basic aspect of EI as it makes all other processing of emotional information possible
what is using emotions to facilitate thinking and how does this represent part of EI according to Salovey and Mayer’s ability model?
The ability to harness emotions to facilitate various cognitive activities e.g. thinking and problem solving
The emotionally intelligent person can capitalise fully upon their changing moods in order to best fit the task at hand
what is understanding emotions and how does this represent part of EI according to Salovey and Mayer’s ability model?
The ability to comprehend emotion language to appreciate complicated relationships among emotions e.g. understanding emotions encompasses the ability to be sensitive to slight variations between emotions and the ability to recognise and describe how emotions evolve over time
what is managing emotions and how does this represent part of EI according to Salovey and Mayer’s ability model?
The ability to regulate emotions in both ourselves and others.
Therefore, the emotionally intelligent person can harness emotions even negative ones and manage them to achieve intended goals
how can the abilities defined by Salovey and Mayer’s model be categorised even further?
- Experiential
Relating to or derived from experience
Abilities: perceiving and using emotions
Lower sophistication - Strategic
Relating to plans of action, goals
Abilities: understanding and managing emotions
Higher sophistication
how can EI be measured according to Savoley and Mayer’s ability model?
- Ability to identify emotion - participant is asked to assess to what extent different emotions are shown in the face or body of a person on a picture
- Ability to use emotions - participant is asked to rate to what extent a number of moods might be helpful in different situations
- Ability to understand emotions - participants would learn about a situation someone is in and would be asked to identify what emotions this person would feel
- Ability to manage emotions - participant is asked to imagine a particular situation and assess the effectiveness of different actions for maintaining or recovering positive states and feelings
what are the sex differences in EI according to Savoley and Mayer’s ability model?
different studies show that women score significantly higher than men across all four aspects
explain Goleman’s hierarchical model
- Most widely known model of EI
- This model links EI to the amygdala
- EI is connected with ability to control basic emotions produced in the limbic system e.g. fear and aggression
- EI is strictly connected with the extent to which we are able to develop, control and use our basic emotional responses
what did Goleman say would happen if you are not emotionally intelligent?
If you are not emotionally intelligent, Goleman warns that the amygdala can hijack the rest of the brain if the right trigger is presented - causing an overwhelming emotional response that comes on suddenly accompanied by the realisation later that it was not justified
what are the four main competences in Goleman’s hierarchical model?
- self-awareness
- self-management
drive for achievement and success (no longer included) - social awareness
- relationship management
must work through each one before progressing to the next
what is self-awareness and how does this represent part of EI according to Goleman?
The ability to read one’s emotions and recognise their impact on own behaviour
what is self-management and how does this represent part of EI according to Goleman?
Involves controlling one’s emotions and impulses and adapting to changing circumstances
The ability to shift undesirable emotions to more adequate ones
what is drive for achievement and success and how does this represent part of EI according to Goleman?
No longer included in this model
The ability to have emotional states that are related with drive to achievement and being successful, mobilising one’s emotional states to achieve goals
what is social awareness and how does this represent part of EI according to Goleman?
The ability to sense, understand and react to other’s emotions while comprehending social networks
what is relationship management and how does this represent part of EI according to Goleman?
The ability to inspire, influence and develop others, to manage conflicts, to sustain good interpersonal relationship
how can the competences defined by Goleman’s model be categorised even further?
- Personal competences
Self-awareness - connected with recognition (identifying emotional states)
Self-regulation - connected with regulation (influencing emotional states, sustaining good interpersonal relationship) - Social competences
Social awareness - connected with recognition (identifying emotional states)
Relationship management - connected with regulation (influencing emotional states, sustaining good interpersonal relationship)
how does Goleman measure EI?
measured by the Emotional Competence Inventory
explain Bar-On’s evolutionary model
- Starts with the observation that, as Darwin observed, emotions are useful for dealing adaptively with situations
- Sees the emotional-social intelligence as a range of interrelated social and emotional competences that allow individuals to effectively understand and express themselves, understand and build relations with others and cope with environmental demands and pressures
how does Bar-On define EI?
Defines EI as being concerned with effectively understanding oneself and others, relating well to people, and adapting to and coping with the immediate surroundings to be more successful in dealing with environmental demands
what are the four main domains proposed by Bar-On’s evolutionary model?
- Intrapersonal skills
- Interpersonal skills
- Adaptability
- Stress-management
- General mood
