Emotions

Question 1

3 elements of emotion?

Answer 1

Physiological response, behavioral response, cognitive response

Question 2

Physiological response of emotion

Answer 2

Arousal stimulated by autonomic nervous system. Heart rate, breathing, temp, blood pressure

Question 3

Behavioral response of emotion

Answer 3

Facial expressions and body language

Question 4

Cognitive response of emotion

Answer 4

Subjective interpretation of feeling experienced

Question 5

James-Lange theory of emotion

Answer 5

A stimulus results first in physiological arousal, which leads to a secondary response in which the emotion is labeled.

“I must be angry because my skin is hot and blood pressure is high”

Question 6

Cannon-bard theory

Answer 6

Physiological arousal and feeling an emotion occur at the same time.

A person will respond with action after experiencing the emotion both mentally and physically.

Cognitive and physiological components of emotion occur simultaneously and result in the behavioral component of emotion

Question 7

Schachter-Singer theory

Answer 7

Both arousal and labeling of arousal based on environment must occur in order for an emotion to be experienced

I am excited because my heart is racing and everyone else is happy

Question 8

What makes up the limbic system?

Answer 8

Amygdala, thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus and fornix, septal nuclei, and parts of cerebral cortex

Question 9

Amygdala

Answer 9

Signals cortex about stimuli related to attention and emotion.

Processes the environment, detects external cues, and learns from the person’s surroundings in order to produce emotion

Controls most implicit memories

Question 10

Thalamus

Answer 10

Preliminary sensory processing station and routes information to the cortex and other appropriate areas of the brain.

Question 11

Hypothalamus

Answer 11

Synthesizes and releases a variety of neurotransmitters.

Homeostatic functions, modulates emotions

Question 12

Hippocampus

Answer 12

Creates long term memories

Storage and retrieval of emotional memories is key in producing an emotional response

Controls most explicit memories

Question 13

Prefrontal cortex emotion

Answer 13

Associated with intricate cognitive functions, expressing personality and making decisions

Question 14

Dorsal prefrontal cortex

Answer 14

Attention and cognition

Question 15

Ventral prefrontal cortex

Answer 15

Connects with regions of the brain responsible for experiencing emotion

Question 16

Ventromedial prefrontal cortex

Answer 16

Substantial role in decision making and controlling emotional responses from the amygdala

Question 17

Cognitive appraisal

Answer 17

Subjective evaluation of a situation that induces stress

Question 18

2 stages of stress appraisal?

Answer 18

1. primary appraisal: The initial examination, which results in the identification of the stress as irrelevant, benign, positive or stressful
2. Secondary appraisal: An evaluation if one can cope with the stress

Question 19

Difference between distress and eustress

Answer 19

Distress is an unpleasant stressor

Eustress is a positive stressor or condition–like graduating college

Question 20

3 stages of stress response?

Answer 20

1. Alarm stage
2. Resistance stage
3. Exhuastian stage

Question 21

Left hemisphere

Answer 21

Positive emotions

Sociable

Question 22

Right hemisphere

Answer 22

Negative emotions

Isolated

Question 23

What are the 3 types of primary appraisal of stress?

Answer 23

Irrelevent
Benign/positive
Negative

Question 24

3 assessments of secondary appraisal of stress

Answer 24

Harm
threat
challenge

Question 25

4 types of stressors

Answer 25

Significant life change Catastrophic Daily hassle Ambient stressors (global/background)

Question 26

Extrinsic Motivatoin

Answer 26

Includes rewards for showing a desired behavior or avoiding punishment if the desired behavior is not achieved Usually include external, tangible rewards

Question 27

Intrinsic motivation

Answer 27

Motivation that comes from within ones self. Drive by interest or pure enjoyment

Question 28

Instinct theory of motivation

Answer 28

People are driven to do certain behaviors based on evolutionarily programmed instincts

Question 29

Arousal theory

Answer 29

People perform actions in order to maintain an optimal level of arousal.

Question 30

Yerkes-Dodson law

Answer 30

Performance is the worst at extremely high and low levels of arousal and optimal at some intermediate level

Question 31

Drive reduction theory

Answer 31

Drives help humans survive by creating an uncomfortable state, ensuring motivation to eliminate this state or to relieve the internal tension created by unmet needs

Question 32

Needs based theories

Answer 32

Motivation is descried by how we allocate our energy and resources to best satisfy our needs

Question 33

Maslow's hierarchy of needs from lowest to highest

Answer 33

``` Physiological Safety Love/belonging Esteem Self-actualization ```

Question 34

In Maslow's hierarchy what should be satisfied first?

Answer 34

The bottom (physiological) then go up from there

Question 35

Self-determination theory

Answer 35

Emphasizes the role of autonomy, competence, and relatedness

Question 36

Incentive theory

Answer 36

Behavior is motivated by desire to pursue rewards and avoid punishments

Question 37

Expectancy value theory

Answer 37

Amount of motivation needed to reach a goal is result of both individual's expectation of success in reaching the goal and the degree to which he or she values succeeding at the goal.

Question 38

What theory of motivation describes drug use?

Answer 38

Opponent process theory

Question 39

A person with high left frontal lobe activity is most likely experiencing which emotion?

Answer 39

Happiness