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Flashcards in EMR Last Test Deck (127)
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1
Q

The majority of findings on a trauma come from where ?

A

Physical examinations

2
Q

How many decisions are there when it come to scene safety ?

A

5

3
Q

What is the primary concern when approaching a scene

A

Scream safety

4
Q

Mechanism of injury and determination of criticality

A

The force that cause the patient trauma

5
Q

What is the foundation for the efficiency and success of the remainder of your call

A

Scene size up

6
Q

What can you treat immediately on a trauma patient

A

ABC

Airway

Breathing

Circulation

7
Q

What kind of exam is done to identify injuries

A

An head to toe exam

8
Q

What signs of injury should you look for on a trauma patient

A

DOTS

Deformity

Open wounds

Tenderness

Swelling

9
Q

Glasgow come scale

A

Helps EMS providers determine the severity of patients who have sustained injury

10
Q

What is the maximum number that your can get in the Glasgow scale

A

15 max min 3

11
Q

Perfusion

A

The consistent delivery of adequate oxygen to the cells

12
Q

Hypoperfused

A

Inadequate delivery of oxygenated blood

13
Q

Cellular hypoperfusion can lead to what

A

Cell death organ failures and eventually patient death

14
Q

Compensated shock

A

When the body reacts to hypoperfusion and takes steps to stay alive

15
Q

Decompensate

A

Stage where the body could no longer make up for increased lack of oxygen delivery to vital organs

16
Q

Hypotension

A

Drop in blood pressure or low blood pressure

17
Q

What is not the best indicator of shock

A

Blood pressure

18
Q

Exsanguinating hemorrhage

A

Uncontrolled severe bleeding in massive volumes

19
Q

Direct pressure

A

The application of pressure to a wound designed to stop bleeding or slow bleeding to aid the clotting of blood

20
Q

How long should you apply pressure for ?

A

For a minimum of 5 min

21
Q

What is normally a common mistake when applying pressure

A

Removing the dressing to check if the bleeding has stopped

22
Q

Hemostatic agent

A

A substance that contains dry properties to help slow bleeding aid clotting

23
Q

When should you use a tourniquet?

A

Only when you cannot control bleeding in an extremity

24
Q

When you apply a tourniquet what should you do ?

A

Elevate the extremity above the heart

25
Q

Which muscles we use to draw and push air out of the the lungs

A

Diaphragm

26
Q

Sucking chest wounds

A

When diaphragm drops and negative pressure is created

27
Q

Pneumothorax

A

When air works it’s way in between the chest wall and the lung and cause the lungs to collapse

28
Q

Occlusive dressing

A

Made up of plastic vaseline gauze or similar airtight materials

29
Q

Tension pneumothorax

A

When the lung collapsed and put pressure on the heart

30
Q

Spontaneous pneumothorax

A

Smokers that developed hole in their lungs l tissue that can collapse the lung in the same manner as trauma

31
Q

Crepitus

A

The grating of bone ends up rubbing together when you palpate chest

32
Q

Flail segment or flail chest

A

When two or more ribs are broken in two or more places and ribs has a free floating section

33
Q

Paradoxical breathing

A

Decrease of air exhalation due to fail segment

34
Q

Traumatic asphyxia

A

Occurs when massive blunt trauma is applied over large portion of the chest

Blood is forced in opposite direction

35
Q

Signs of traumatic asphyxia

A

Distended skin neck veins bulging eyes blue skin

36
Q

When treating patient with abdominal trauma what should you use to deal wounds ?

A

Occlusive dressing the same way you would seal an open chest wound

37
Q

Evisceration

A

When abdominal organs such as intestines protrude from an open wound

38
Q

How should you secure impaled objects

A

By padding around the object with bulky dressing and tape

39
Q

Gastrointestinal bleeding (GI)

A

When bleeding happen in the esophagus the stomach and or the intestines

40
Q

Abdominal distinction

A

Bulging belly

41
Q

What is the name for closed wounds ?

A

Blunt trauma

42
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Occurs the force of a trauma breaks small blood vessels beneath the skin and result is blueish or black bruising

43
Q

Hematoma

A

Blueish discolored lump

44
Q

Abrasions

A

Scrape out the outermost layer of the skin

45
Q

Laceration

A

A cut in the skin and or layers of the soft tissue beneath the skin cause by sharp object

46
Q

Avulsion

A

When force tear large peace of tissue

47
Q

Perfusion

A

Consistent delivery of adequate oxygen to the cells

48
Q

Compensated shock

A

When the body reacts to hypoperfusion and takes steps to stay alive

49
Q

Hypoxia

A

Inadequate oxygenation of the tissue

50
Q

Decompensation

A

The failure of the body steps to compensate for insult or injury

51
Q

What are the three categories of external bleeding ?

A

Arterial bleeding

Venous bleeding

Capillary bleeding

52
Q

Diaphragm

A

Used to draw air into and push air out of the lungs

53
Q

Sucking chest wound

A

When the diaphragm drops and negative pressure is created

54
Q

Hemothorax

A

When leaking blood builds up and collapses the lung

55
Q

A closed wound is called what

A

Blunt trauma

56
Q

Contusion

A

Pain swelling etc around impact area

57
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Occurred when the force brake open small blood vessels beneath the skin

58
Q

Hematoma

A

Large amount of bleeding occurred beneath the skin enough to raise blueish bruising

59
Q

Air embolism

A

Air bubble in blood stream

60
Q

What’s the most common type of soft tissue injury

A

Burn

61
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid

A

Liquid that surrounds the skull

62
Q

Articulation

A

The movement of vertebrae

63
Q

Posturing

A

Involuntary movement of limbs caused by pain

64
Q

Foramen magnum

A

Hole at the base of the neck

65
Q

Herniation

A

When brain squeezes and falls downward

66
Q

Cushing triad

A

Decreasing pulse rate

Increase blood pressure

Abnormal respiratory patterns

Posturing

Changed to Pupil response

67
Q

Incontinence

A

Loss of control of piss and shit

68
Q

Open injuries signs

A

Bruising behind the ears

Raccoon eyes

69
Q

If foreign object cannot be removed from the eye you should use

A

Rigid eye shield

70
Q

Orthopedic injury

A

Injury of the skeletal system

71
Q

What is the core of the body protected by

A

Axial skeleton

72
Q

Strain

A

When muscles and tendons are over worked

73
Q

Sprain

A

When tendons that are connect to bone are stretched Beyond their normal range of motion

74
Q

Fracture

A

When bone is cracked or actually broken

75
Q

O

P

Q

R

S

T

A
Onset
Provocation 
Quality 
Region
Severity
Time
76
Q

Traction splint

A

Mechanical device that when attached to an extremely provides gentle pulling

77
Q

Three related medical conditions

A

Heat exhaustion

Heat cramps

Heat stroke

78
Q

Cervix

A

Neck of the uterus that connects to the vagina

79
Q

Bloody show

A

The expulsion of mucus plug

80
Q

How much does the placenta normally weigh

A

About a pound

81
Q

Amniotic sac

A

Filled up with fluids in which the fetus floats

82
Q

Broth canal

A

Made up of the cervix and vagina

83
Q

What happen to the cervix in the first and longest stage

A

It becomes dilated

84
Q

How long does the first contraction normally last

A

10 to 20 min

85
Q

Contraction last in which intervals

A

30 to 60 sec

86
Q

For people that had babies before their contractions last how long

A

3-4 min

60 sec each

87
Q

When the baby head appears it’s called ?

A

Crowning

88
Q

Fontanels

A

The soft spot at the top of the baby head

89
Q

Meconium staining

A

Greenish or brownish fluid means the baby has had a bowel movement

90
Q

Rubbing the back of the baby or tapping the feet is called

A

Tactile stimulation

91
Q

How long should you wait before cutting umbilical cord

A

1-3 min

92
Q

If placenta is not delivered within what time frame you should take patient to the hospital

A

10 to 15 min

93
Q

If a woman gives birth before how long the baby is considered premature

A

36 weeks

Should not weigh less than 5/12 lbs

94
Q

How much precent of pregnancy does preeclampsia affect ?

A

5-8 percent

95
Q

Symptoms of preeclampsia

A

High bP

Swelling of face extremities

Headache

Nausea or vomiting

Abnormal weigh gain

96
Q

Eclampsia

A

Possibly patient could go into shock

97
Q

How many Fallopian tubes does a woman have ?

A

2

98
Q

Exsangcate

A

Bleed to death

99
Q

Ovum

A

Fertilized egg

100
Q

Placenta previa

A

When placenta is positioned in the uterus in an abnormally low position

101
Q

Abruptio placentae

A

Leading cause of fetal death after blunt trauma

102
Q

PAT

A

Pediatric assessment triangle

103
Q

PAT

A

Appearance

Work of breathing

Skin

104
Q

Retractions

A

Drawing back

105
Q

S
A

M

P

L

E

A

Signs and symptoms

Allergies

Medication

Past medical history

Last oral intake

Events that lead to the illness

106
Q

What can be a late I indicator of shock

A

Falling blood pressure

107
Q

Epiglottis

A

Caused by bacterial infection that inflamed the epiglottis

108
Q

Febrile secures

A

Caused my rapid raise of body temperature usually resulting in high fever

109
Q

When seizures are status epilepticus

A

It means they are non stop

110
Q

What can also cause chick in children

A

Dehydration

111
Q

Child abuse

A

Improper or excessive action as to injure or cause harm

112
Q

Child neglect

A

Giving insufficient attention or respect to a child

113
Q

In what cause you don’t do CPR on a child

A

Rigor Mortis

114
Q

Dark pigment areas in adults are called

A

Age spots or liver spots

115
Q

Deaphrosis

A

Excessive perspiration

116
Q

What cause COPD

A

Long term smoking

117
Q

Impatient in thinking

A

Dementia

118
Q

Common illnesses in elderly people

A

Influenza

119
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

Form of dementia

Patient may become violent

120
Q

Beta blockers

A

Taken for high blood pressure or heart problems

121
Q

What a congenital disease

A

One that occurs at birth

122
Q

Acquired disease

A

Occurred after birth

123
Q

Palliative care

A

Comfort care

Ex hospice

124
Q

Living will

A

DNR

125
Q

Tracheostomy

A

Opening in the neck into the trachea

126
Q

Ventilator

A

A device that breath for a patient

127
Q

Forms of abuse

A

Physical abuse

Sexual abuse

Emotional abuse

Financial abuse

Neglect