EMT Exam #1 (Ch 1-10; 13) Flashcards
(149 cards)
1
Q
NHTSA recommended standards acronym: T_
A
TAPAS
2
Q
TAPAS stands for
A
Technical assistance program assessment standards
3
Q
Wash hands for _ seconds
A
20 seconds
4
Q
What does CISD stand for
A
critical incident stress debriefing
5
Q
Protecting yourself from disease transmission is referred to as
A
standard precautions
6
Q
Example of a disease you would wear N-95 for
A
SARS coronavirus; tuberculosis
7
Q
N-95 mask requires fit test how often
A
yearly
8
Q
Soiled clothes should be washed for how long
A
25 minutes
9
Q
EMT should be tested annually for
A
tuberculosis (using purified protein derivative tuberculin test)
10
Q
Fatigue, nausea/loss of appetite, abdominal pain and headache is are symptoms of H
A
Hepatitis B
11
Q
__ is one disease that affects the liver
A
Hepatitis B
12
Q
Jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, and dark urine are symptoms of
A
Hepatitis C
13
Q
Is there a vaccination for Hep B & C
A
There is for B only
14
Q
The most common bloodborne infection in the US
A
Hepatitis C
15
Q
High fever, headache, respiratory symptoms and diarrhea are symptoms of
A
SARS
16
Q
Most patients with SARS develop
A
pneumonia
17
Q
Use this reference for hazardous materials
A
Emergency Response guidebook
18
Q
Use this reference for hazardous materials
A
Emergency Response guidebook
19
Q
How many classes of hi vis vests are there?
A
3
20
Q
Class 1 high vis vests are for areas with traffic going less than
A
25 mph
21
Q
What must patient be informed of before medical care
A
care to be provided and risks
22
Q
Consent made from a conscious adult with capacity
A
expressed consent
23
Q
Consent used with mentally incompetent adult
A
involuntary consent
24
Q
Instructions written in advance
A
advance directive
25
A willful threat to inflict harm on a patient
assault
26
Touching patiently unlawfully without consent
battery
27
What to do if patient refuses treatement
Physical assessment, inform them of risks, try to persuade them, consult medical direction as needed, document patient response and have him sign refusal form
Also Encourage them to seek help if certain symptoms develop
28
HIPAA of ____ (year) protects privacy
1996
29
Federal regulations ensuring access to emergency health care regardless of ability to pay
COBRA and EMTALA
Consolidated omnibus budge reconciliation act and Emergency Medical treatment and Active labor act
30
Taking a patient to a hospital where they can better afford treatment is called ___ and is a violation of __
patient dumping; EMTALA
31
Report commonly done by EMTs
PCR (prehospital care report)
32
c/o stands for
complains of
33
Pt stands for
patient
34
CC stands for
chief complaint
35
q stands fir
evert
36
Tx stands for
treatmetn
37
CP stands for
chest pain
38
APAP stands for
tylenol
39
ASA stands for
Aspirin
40
stat means
immediately
41
Tx stands for
treatment
42
To acronyms for PCRs
SOAP & CHART
43
CHART stands for
chief complain, history, assessment, rx (treatment) transport
44
Acronym for communicating with medical direction
SBAR (situation background, assessment, recommendation)
45
stand by meaning
please wait
46
10-4
acknowledge message is received and understood
47
American intimate zone/personal space radius
1.5 ft
48
the study of touching
haptics
49
___ is when stomach is too forward and the back is too far back
lordosis
50
Official term for slouch
kyphosis
51
A _ stretcher is assembled around patient and shouldn't be used if they have __
scoop stretcher; spinal injury
52
A _ can be used with a patient who is on a backboard moving over rough terrain
basket stretcher
53
a basket stretcher is also known as a
stokes basket
54
Positioning for unresponsive patient with no head neck or spinal injury
left lateral recumbent position (aka coma or recovery) to face rescuer in ambulance
55
A patient with chest pain or breathing difficulty should be placed in position of comfort, usually __ if __ is not present
sitting up; hypertension
56
A patient in shock should be place in __ position
supine
57
an alert patient who is vomiting should be in a ___ or __ position
sitting or recovery
58
A pregnant patient following her 20th week of pregnancy should be positioned how?
on her left side
59
A pregnant patient following her 20th week of pregnancy should be positioned how?
on her left side
60
The line dividing patient into front and back
midaxillary line
61
Line dividing patient into top and bottom half
transverse line
62
Towards front or belly (not anterior)
ventral
63
Axilla is a word meaning
armpit
64
plantar meaning
sole of foot
65
The zygomatic bones are
cheekbones
66
The part of the spine most prone to injury
cervical spine
67
The term for neck
cervical spine
68
m for upper back
thoracic spine
69
term for lower back
lumbar spine
70
The back wall of the pelvis is the
sacral spine
71
tailbone word
coccyx
72
Outside of the neck and back, the spine includes
the sacral spine (back wall of pelvis) and the coccyx (tailbone)
73
Official word for chest
thorax
74
The chest bones are the
ribs, sternum (breastbone) and thoracic spine
75
Forms the 'wings of the pelvis'
iliac crest
76
The smaller distal end of the tibia forms the medial malleolus of the
ankle
77
Term for shoulder blade
scapula
78
The most superior part of the pharynx
nasopharynx
79
The __ is meant to allow passage of air but shares a common opening into laryngopharynx
nasopharynx
80
The __ is the middle part of the pharynx
oropharynx
81
Part of pharynx where air goes to larynx and food goes to esophagus
larynogopharynx
82
Part of pharynx you inspect when looking in patient's mouth
oropharynx
83
The part containing adams apple
larynx
84
The part containing vocal chords
larynx
85
__ is the anterior portion of the throat
larynx
86
The larynx extends from __ to ___
laryngopharynx to the trachea
87
the __ is made of of cartilage that hardens with age
larynx
88
official term for substances (in unresponsive patient) moving into throat
aspiration
89
The __ covers the outer surface of the lungs
visceral pleura
90
Muscles in between ribs are called
intercostal muscles
91
Heart upper chambers are called
atria
92
The __ part of heart receives blood from veins
upper chambers/atria
93
The __ part of heart pumps blood out to arteries
ventricles (lower chambers)
94
The major vein from the heart
aorta
95
The major artery of the thigh
femoral artery
96
Major artery of the upper arm
brachial arteries
97
A(n) __ carries blood away from heart
artery
98
The smallest branch of veins
venules
99
__is the liquid part of the blood
plasma
100
An ___ pulse simply indicates the heart is contracting
apical
101
__ blood pressure is exerted when the heart contracts
systolic
102
__ blood pressure is exerted when the __ __ is at rest
diastolic; left ventricle
103
__ is swelling occuring in tissues
edema
104
Capillary leaking could cause
edema
105
The delivery of oxygen, glucose, and other nutrients to cells of all organ systems and elimination and other waste products resulting from adequate circulation of blood through capillaries
perfusion
106
Shock is also called
hypoperfusion
107
What is shock
insufficient supply of oxygen and other nutrients some of the bodies cells and inadequate elimination of other wastes resulting form inadequate circulation of blood
108
The __ is composed of nerves outside the spinal chord and brain
peripheral nervous system
109
Main outer portion of brain
cerebrum
110
The system producing hormones
endocrine system
111
__ stores bile
gall bladder
112
The urinary system is also called the
renal system
112
The urinary system is also called the
renal system
113
An airway that is not obstructed
patent airway
114
word for vocal chord spasm
laryngeal spasm
115
Boyles law looks at relationship between
gas pressure and volume
116
The ability of the chest wall and lungs to stretch, distend and expand
compliance
117
amount of air moved in and out of lungs in a minute
minute ventilation (aka minute volume)
118
Receptors that monitor oxygen PH, and CO2 levels in blood
chemoreceptors
119
low level of oxygen condition
hypoxia
120
hyper- meaning
above/in excess
121
hypo- meaning
below/under
122
resistance in the aorta that must be overcome by contraction of left ventrical to eject blood
afterload
123
flow of blood through smallest blood vessels
microcirculation
124
__ blood pressure is a measure of cardiac output
systolic
125
diastolic bp is a measure of systemic vascular resistance
diastolic bp
126
stretch sensitive receptors that can detect changes in blood pressure
baroreceptors
127
baro- meaning
pressure
128
soft spots on skull allowing head to be compressed in babies
fontanelles
129
Hg pressure refers to
inches of mercury
130
Children age 6-11 typically have heart rates of
75-118 bpm
131
Children age 6-11 typically have blood pressure of
97-115 mmHg
132
Early adulthood is what age
20-40
133
early adult heart rate average
70 bpm
134
Early adult resp rate
12-20 bpm
135
Early adult average bP
120/80 mmHg
136
Early adult normal temperature
98.6
137
Cold clammy skin, increased respiratory rate and shortness of breath are symptoms of mild
hypoxia
138
breathing involving high-pitched sound
stridor
139
Respiratory rates less than __ or greater than __ are concerning (adult)
10;26
140
femoral artery pulse location
crease between lower abdomen and upper thigh (groin)
141
what are the central pulses
carotid and femoral
142
radial artery location
proximal to the thumb on the palmar surface of the wrist
143
Heart rate above 100 bpm (adult)
tachycardia
144
Heart rate below 60 in adult
bradycardia
145
clammy skin is
wet and cool
146
__large pupils
dilated
147
__ is small pulil
constricted
148
The acronym for cardiac arrest is __ and for patients without cardiac arrest __
CAB (compression airway, breathing); ABC (airway, breathing, cirulation)
