end of ch 10-17 questions Flashcards
(25 cards)
A man complains of tender and swollen gums during an appointment with his dentist. He has a history of poor dental hygiene and his exam shows extensive dental plaque. Which drug is most likely the cause of his distress?
a. Irbesartan
b. Metoprolol
c. Nifedipine
d. Hydrochlorothiazide
e. Doxazosin
C: Nifedepine
CCB’s are associated with gingival hyperplasia
While away on a business trip, a salesman ingested his medication with grapefruit juice and then promptly fainted upon arising from the breakfast table. Which medication was he most likely taking?
a. Clonidine
b. Atenolol
c. Enalapril
d. Hydrochlorothiazide
e. Felodipine
E: Felodipine
This dihydropiridine CCB is metabolized by P450
A man with a history of poor compliance with prescribed diuretic therapy suffers a mild stroke and is evaluated for follow-up therapy. He does not have diabetes, coronary heart disease, lung disease or kidney disease. Which antihypertensive agent has greatest ability to decrease the risk of another stroke in this patient?
a. Atenolol
b. Irbesartan
c. Doxazosin
d. Verapamil
e. Hydralazine
B: Irbesartan
This ARB “has been shown to lower incidence of stroke beyond its BP lowering abilities”
A man is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease and hypertension. Which drug may increase insulin sensitivity and also reduces the risk of myocardial infarction and death in this patient.
a. Carvedilol
b. Amlodipine
c. Propranolol
d. Hydrochlorothiazide
e. Doxazosin
A: Carvedilol
This selective 3rd gen. beta blocker can actually improve insulin sensetivity.
A woman taking an antianginal drug complains of chronic constipation despite appropriate dietary intake. The smooth muscle relaxation produced by her medication most likely results from which signal transduction event?
a. Increased levels of cGMP
b. Decrease binding of calcium to calmodulin
c. Decreased formation of IP3
d. Decreased myosin light chain kinase activity
e. Increased metabolic efficiency
b. Decrease binding of calcium to calmodulin
A man is placed on atenolol and diltiazem for prevention of angina. Which effect is caused by both of these drugs?
a. Decreased cyclic AMP levels
b. Increased c GMP levels
c. Decreased heart rate
d. Relaxation of arterial smooth muscle
e. Inhibition of sodium influx
c. Decreased heart rate
A woman is taking an antianginal medication that increases cGMP levels in vascular smooth muscle. Which drug action is responsible for this effect?
a. Inhibition of phosphodiesterase
b. Inactivation of aldehyde dehydrogenase
c. Blockade of Beta adrenoceptors
d. Release of nitric oxide
e. Blockade of calcium channels
d. Release of nitric oxide
- A man with obstruction pulmonary disease requires therapy to prevent angina attacks. Which drug should be avoided in this patient?
a. Verapamil
b. Felodipine
c. Isosorbide mononitrate
d. Diltiazem
e. Propranolol
e. Propranolol
BB’s are contraindicated in COPD and Asthma, remember?
Which process is most directly involved in cardiac remodeling in heart failure?
a. Decompensation
b. Myocyte apoptosis
c. Venous congestion
d. Sodium and water retension
e. Increased afterload
b. Myocyte apoptosis
A man is brought to the emergency department complaining of nausea and vomiting, blurred and abnormally colored vision, and palpatations. Which drug is most likely responsible for these effects?
a. Dobutamine
b. Lisinopril
c. Digoxin
d. Milrinone
e. Furosemide
c. Digoxin
Which drug has been demonstrated to increase survival in persons with heart failure?
a. Furosemide
b. Carvedilol
c. Milrinone
d. Digoxin
e. Hydralazine-isosorbide dinitrate
b. Carvedilol
A woman is given a recombinant form of human natriuretic peptide. Which mechanism is responsible for the cardiovascular effects of this drug?
a. Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase
b. Stimulation of adenylyl cyclase
c. Inhibition of guanylyl cyclase
d. Stimulation of guanylyl cyclase
e. Inhibition of phosphodiesterase type III
d. Stimulation of guanylyl cyclase
After beginning drug therapy to suppress ventricular tachycardia, a man complains of cold intolerance and of being tired all the time. His thyroid-stimulating hormone level si found to be elevated. Which drug is most likely responsible for this adverse reaction?
a. Procainamide
b. Sotalol
c. Dofetilide
d. Verapamil
e. Amiodarone
e. Amiodarone
A woman is placed on the antiarythmic drug that dissociates very slowely from ventricular sodium channels. Which electrocardiographic finding results from this property?
a. Prolonged PR interval
b. Shortened PR interval
c. Prolonged QRS interval
d. Prolonged QT interval
e. Sinus Bradycardia
c. Prolonged QRS interval
A man is taking a drug that selectively blocks the rapidly activating delayed rectifier channels. Which electrocardiographic change should guide dosage adjustment with this drug?
a. QT prolongation
b. QRS widening
c. PR Prolongation
d. T wave inversion
e. Premature ventricular depolarization
a. QT prolongation
A woman complains of a racing heart that began while playing softball 2 hours ago. Her ECG shows a rapid and regular heart beat, and she is given an intravenous bolus of a drug that activates G protein-coupled receptors. Which drug mechanism made lead to termination of the arrhythmia?
a. Increased chloride influx
b. Increased cyclic guanosine monophosphate
c. Increased calcium influx
d. Increased potassium efflux
e. Decreased sodium influx
d. Increased potassium efflux
Which drug should be avoided in persons with asthma?
a. Sotalol
b. Diltiazem
c. Flecainide
d. Quinidine
e. Lidocaine
a. Sotalol
An otherwise healthy 58-Year old man is found to have an LDL-C level of 170 mg/dL, an HDL-C level of 50 mg/dL, a triglyceride level of 105 mg/dL. He has no other risk factors of CHD. In addition to TLC, which drug treatment is most appropriate for this patient?
a. Cholestyramine
b. Simvastatin
c. Niacin
d. Ezetimibe
e. Gemfibrozil
b. Simvastatin
A man with hyperlipidemia is treated with an agent that increases expression of lipoprotein lipase. Which of the following effects would be expected to result from this action?
a. Increased LDL-C levels
b. Decreased HDL-C levels
c. Increased plasma triglyceride levels
d. Decreased plasma triglyceride levels
e. Decreased LDL-C levels
d. Decreased plasma triglyceride levels
A woman experiences flushing and pruritus over her upper body after starting a drug for hyperlipidemia. Which mechanism is responsible, for the effect of this drug on hepatic triglyceride synthesis?
a. Activation of the PPAR alpha
b. Increased lipolysis
c. Binding to a G-protein coupled receptor
d. Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase
e. Binding to deoxycholic Acid
c. Binding to a G-protein coupled receptor
A man is placed on a drug that disrupts annexin and caveolin. Which effect results from this action?
a. Decreased cholesterol synthesis
b. Decreased triglyceride synthesis
c. Decreased cholesterol absorption
d. Decreased triglyceride absorption
e. Increased bile acid excretion
c. Decreased cholesterol absorbtion
A 19 year old woman who complains of lethargy and fatigue is found to have a blood hemoglobin concentration of 9.8 g/dL (normal range 12-16 g/dL) a low mean corpuscular volume, and a low mean corpuscular hemo-globin concentration
Choose the most appropriate drug therapy from the lettered choices provided.
A. Cyanocobalamin B. Epoetin C. Ferrous gluconate D. Filgrastim E. Folic acid
c. Ferrous Gluconate
A 47 year old woman exhibits severe neutropenia following a course of chemotherapy for breast cancer.
Choose the most appropriate drug therapy from the lettered choices provided.
A. Cyanocobalamin B. Epoetin C. Ferrous gluconate D. Filgrastim E. Folic acid
d. Filgrastim
A 66 Year old man with progressive fatigability and anorexia is found to have a low blood hemoglobin concentration, an elevated mean corpuscular volume, and an elevated serum and concentration of methylmalonic acid.
Choose the most appropriate drug therapy from the lettered choices provided.
A. Cyanocobalamin B. Epoetin C. Ferrous gluconate D. Filgrastim E. Folic acid
a. Cyanocobalamin
