End of Year Final Flashcards
(114 cards)
1
Q
Haymarket Riot
A
bomb - gunfire between police and protestors
2
Q
Capital V Labor
A
capital had resources and influence and had the upper hand in negotiations and conflict while labor especially organized labor - face d significant obstacles and challenges
3
Q
13th Amendment
A
abolished slavery
4
Q
Plessy v Ferguson
A
separate but equal doctrine
5
Q
Jim Crow Laws
A
laws enforcing segregation and discrimination of african americans
6
Q
Disenfranchisement Methods
A
methods used to prevent African Americans from voting
7
Q
World Columbian Expo
A
event showcasing American technology and advancements
8
Q
Ellis Island
A
island than many immigrants passed through - sorted them - healthy and unhealthy
9
Q
Ethnic Cities
A
urban areas habituated by a certain ethnic group
10
Q
Nativism
A
anti-immigrant beliefs in us
11
Q
Tenements
A
overcrowded - no plumbing - 4-5 families in one at a time - poor people
12
Q
Skyscrapers
A
allowed cities to grow upward - more room
13
Q
Class System
A
social hierarchy - working, middle, high class
14
Q
Muckraking
A
investigative journalism aimed at exposing corruption and social issues
15
Q
The Jungle
A
upton Sinclair - meat packing factories - rats in food
16
Q
Ida B Wells
A
prominent African American journalist and anti-lynching activist
17
Q
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
A
fire in a shirt factory - one of the largest industrial disasters
18
Q
Spanish-American War
A
1898 - war between spain and america
19
Q
Imperialism
A
policy of extending a country’s power and influence through colonization or military force
20
Q
Social Darwinism
A
ideology suggested that stronger nations were destined to dominate weaker ones
21
Q
Yellow Journalism
A
type of sensational journalism that exaggerated news stories to influence public opinion
22
Q
USS Maine
A
event that triggered the Spanish-American War by sinking in Havana Harbor
23
Q
Fighting in Cuba
A
American military engagements in Cuba during the Spanish-American Warr
24
Q
Results of the war
A
The Us gained new territory like New Guinea and global power
25
What were the main causes of World War I?
Nationalism, Militarism, Imperialism
26
The Schlieffen Plan
Germany's plan for the beginning of the war - prevent two front war - failed
27
The Rape of Belgium
Germans mercilessly killed and raped belgium’s as they went into belgium during the Schlieffen plan
28
Trenches and New Technology
Gas at Ypres - first use of large scale chlorine chemicals by germany in WW1
New Technology - chemicals - tanks - artillery - trench warfare - fought in trench's - standing in dead bodies
29
Why did the US enter WW1?
propaganda - Lusitania - Zimmerman telegram
30
Propaganda
Media used to manipulate Americans into supporting the war - nationalism
31
Lusitania
ship sunk by German u-boats - many died
32
Zimmerman telegram
Coded message sent to Mexico from Germany telling them to support Germany - US decoded - prompted Us coming into war
33
Convoy System
only way for the US to combat u-boats - zig-zags - worked well
34
Harlem Hellfighters
all - black regimen during WW1 - brought jazz music around the fronts
35
Russian Revolution
Revolution in 1917 led to the establishment of a communist government in Russia
36
Great Migration
What mass movement of African Americans to northern cities occurred during and after World War I?
37
Treaty of Versailles
treaty ended WW1 - Germany has reparations
38
19th Amendment
Granted women the right to vote
39
Roaring 20s
What era in the 1920s was characterized by economic prosperity and cultural change in America?
40
New Technology
electricity, cars , radio
41
Birth of Nation
Movie promoting the KKK - portrayed AA as terrible monsters - women afraid of them - lillian gish ofc
42
Red Scare
period of fear of communism and leftism
43
Changes for women
wore shorter dresses, more makeup and freedom, wanted to go as far as possible
44
Red Summer
named by james weldon johnson - black soldiers seen as a threat to the US so when they came home they were lynched and murdered - rise of KKK - 25 cities torn apart 100s killed - black citizens begged for help - department said they couldn’t intervene/do anything - johnston brothers
45
Prohibition
nationwide ban on alcohol created speakeasies which led to people getting so drunk that they were murdering people
46
Harlem Renaissance
jazz became really popular - white press labeled it harlem renaissance bc started in places like harlem in NY - cotton clubs and other places started having black jazz entertainers
47
Dust Bowl
no way to exaggerate how awful it was - constant flow of wind and dust - nowhere to run from it - environmental catastrophe - mass exodus of americans - perseverance
48
The New Deal
series of programs enacted by FDR to provide economic relief recovery and reform the nation
49
Mussolini, Stalin, Hitler, Japan (militarists)
totalitarianistic leaders in WW2
50
Berlin Olympics
Showcased Nazi Germany - had to take down all anti-jewish signs - put on a mask for the olympics
51
Appeasement
What policy aimed to prevent conflict by conceding to the demands of aggressive powers?
52
Fascism v. Communism
FASCISM - nationalistic and racist COMMUNISM - classless society where the people control means of production SOCIALISM - greater equality - wealth distribution
53
Nazi-Soviet Pact
didn’t want to have to fight ussr too - very different fascist and communist - ussr signs to protect themselves - divided poland between 2 - france and gb didn’t know
54
Miracle at Dunkirk
gb and france can only escape by sea - germany captures dunkirk - hitler orders for germany to stop closing in - we still don’t know why - gb gets 3 days to strengthen and evacuate - 338,000 troops escape but lose a lot of equipment - can’t find germany with that loss so they surrender - germany installs gov in franc
55
Battle of Britain
air battle - germany tries to destroy britain’s air force - germany accidentally london so britain bombs berlin - hitler's goal terrorize to surrender - britain stays strong and beats germany - hitler cancels air battle - oct. 12 1940
56
Isolationism
American idea to stay neutral - don’t intervene and help GB - very popular in 1930s
57
Lend-Lease
gb is out of funds - us lends arms to gb by changing neutrality acts to being able to do so if it's vital to the defense of the us - us “lent” 4 billion dollars worth of weapons and vehicles
58
Pearl Harbor
japan bombs hawaii - us is warned but didn’t know pearl harbor is a target so they’re wide open - dec. 7 1941 - 2,403 americans died - fdr declares war the next day
59
American Industry
add
60
Double V campaign
Come home to a home where they are no longer discriminated against - home for veterans - add I suppose
61
Tuskegee Airmen
group of AA pilots - first black aviators
62
WAC
women auxiliary corps - add
63
What were the five different fronts during World War II?
Atlantic, Pacific, Homefront, Western, Eastern
64
Battle of Midway
decoded attack on midway - had ships waiting to ambush Japan - Japan goes to midway and gets destroyed - had 2nd wave where japan loses again - turning point - US ambushed and stopped Japan advance - US had much less casualties
65
Island Hopping
worried how many would die during actual battles - advance by hopping from island to island - different troops would capture NG and retake philippines - US slowly regained the islands that Japan took
66
Stalingrad
Germany was now of the defense like japan - find packet and add more
67
D-Day
hedgerows - Germans could defend their positions - broke through and liberated Paris?add more - find packet
68
Battle of the Bulge
hitler's last desperate offense - cut off allied supplies in Antwerp, Belgium - Germans catch US soldiers by surprise - lines bulged forward - eisenhower calls Patton for backup - came 3 days later - allied aircrafts start hitting German fuel depots - x-mas Eve - German troops halt - US breaks lines - Germany lost 100,000 ppl and lots of supplies - didn't have enough to stop allie
69
The Atomic Bomb
manhattan project- Hiroshima and Nagasaki - used on many by US
70
Nuremberg Laws
enacted by Nazi Germany - stripped Jews of citizenship - prohibited marriage between Germans and Jews - excluded Jews from many aspects of public life
71
Kristallnacht
night of broken glass - Nazi attack on Jewish people - burned houses synagogues vandalized homes school - mass arrests - concentration camps - murdered
72
St. Louis Affair
german boat carried more than 900 Jewish refugees - denied entry in Cuba, us , and Canada - forced to return to Europe - tried to escape
73
Final Solution
Nazi plan - exterminate all jews - concentration camps - mass murders - gas chambers
74
Iron Curtain
churchill speech about USSR - iron curtain of communism in berlin
75
Truman Doctrine
statement of belief - policy 0 Soviets breaking Yalta agreement - support free peoples - keep from communists - through economic/financial aid - military isaitamil - marshall plan - Greece irah turkey
76
NATO
North Atlantic treaty organization - started w/ 12 countries in west europe - Warsaw pact - Soviet union and satellites
77
Marshall Plan
secretary of state - George c marshall - aid other countries - strong economy - lift Europe out of bad things - money to European nations for economic recovery - offered to Soviets - but declined the money - Truman Doctrine and marshall plan = containment
78
Berlin Airlift
US, GB, F merge zones in Germany - independent but not allowed to have a military - Soviets cut all road/rail traffic to west - allies bring supplies to west Berlin - lifeline
79
Berlin Wall
soviets build - risking lives to escape communism - between west and east berlin
80
What U.S. President faced significant challenges during his administration, including the Cuban Missile Crisis?
JFK
81
What was the significance of the televised election of 1960?
Election- TV
82
Peace Corps
way for young people to serve - get together to make change - counter communism
83
The Bay of Pigs
all allied forces out of Berlin - both sides had nuclear weapon - Cuba becomes communists - exiles in Cuba - humiliated - CIA scheme - left them stranded on bay of Pigs island
84
The Cuban Missile Crisis
1962 - October - thought Soviets were putting missiles in Cuba - on max alert - put blockade around Cuba - Americans believed they were gonna die - terrified
85
JFK
Assassinated in a motorcade parade - shot in the head - beheaded
86
Red Scare
1950 - fear of communist - Joseph McCarthy - said communists invaded highest levels of government - fear - uncertainty - insecurity - mickey spallane - famous writer who targeted Hollywood - (not spallane everyone) thought communists were taking over america
87
Suburbia
built homes for vets in suburbs - all white people moved to the cookie cutter suburbs - no black people allowed - 180 homes built a week - 1,000s of vets housed - high American pride
88
Korean War
June 25, 1950 - North Korea supported by USSR and china - attacked south Korea - men torn from families to fight - 2 years - 53,000 US dead - US treated Korean War not well - "forgotten war" - not a personal threat so didn't care - 1958 - 50,000 soldiers return - put the war behind them - strange - bursting w/ energy
89
Isaac Woodard
asked to stop and go to the bathroom on the bus back from war - driver cursed him out and isaac scolded him back - driver looks for officer to remove isaac - officer beat him - gouged his eyes out - blinded him and put him in jail
90
Brown V. Board
Linda Brown - tried to go to school near her but was told to go to the AA school across town - sued Topeka school board with the NAACP - got school segregation ruled unconstitutional
91
Little Rock 9
9 AA student admitted to central high by the court - mainly white school - governor sends troops to prevent them from entering - faubus leaves AA to the mob after ike removes troops - violence tells ike he has to act - federal authority upheld - sends troops to escort them to school
92
Emmett Till
mose right - uncle - only 14 - talked to a white women in the store - got killed for it - broke laws of segregation - was found naked deformed and drowned - open casket to show what they did - KKK or someone came and took him at night with a pistol and killed him - jury found them not guilty and then they confessed after trial - said they were superior and couldn't help it
93
Methods of resisting segregation
sit-ins - protesting
94
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
LBJ becomes president - commits to JFK's civil rights bill/program - decides to take full charge - passes the bill through Congress bc he had better leadership and knew how to convince them
95
Voting Rights Act of 1965
house passes voting bill by wide margin - can't stop AA from registering to vote - voting quizzes or anything like that - 250,000 AA register to vote - AA elected in south - turning point
96
Selma March
Selma was mostly AA but only 3% were registered to vote - Jim Clark was terrorizing AA to keep them from registering - MLK organizes a freedom march to montgomery (capital) - protest leads to 2,000 arrested - bloody Sunday - beaten while crossing the bridge - kids - put on tv- LBJ watches and responds - people shocked
97
The March on Washington
led by MLK to gain public support of the civil rights bill of 1964
98
Black Power
urban young AA turning away from MLK - more aggressive and assertive approach or seperate states - kicked out white leaders in CORE and SNCC - self defense/violence - or control of struggle - pride/culture - racial distinctiveness
99
Malcolm X
symbol of black power movement - had a rough childhood - prison changed him - joined the black muslims - changed his name - broke with the black muslims - criticized them - shot by them - ideas of black power, nationalism, and economic self-sufficiency
100
MLK Assassination
in Memphis for poor people campaign - shot on his hotel balcony - touched off national mourning and riots - led poor peoples campaign after death - didn't achieve major goals - CRM lacks unity and purpose that MLK brought - end of era - changed opportunities and society
101
Sputnik
Soviet satellite - marked the beginning of the space race
102
Apollo 11
first humans on the moon
103
Great Society
add I have no idea
104
LBJ drops out
no credibility - knows he won't win
105
1968 - MLK, LBJ, Bobby, DNC
MLK and bobby Assassinated - dnc protests - political turmoil - lbj drops out
106
Buddhist Uprising
discrimination of Buddhists by diem - banned their flags - violent protest - executed diem
107
My Lai Massacre
US thought the VC was waiting for them in my lai - killed a bunch of innocent citizens - didn't come out until years later
108
Kent State Shooting
after invasion of Cambodia - national guard fires on protestors - 4 students died
109
Impact on America
Caused a divide between the country - hawks and doves - PTSD
110
Stonewall riots
stonewall bar - discriminated against LGBTQ - police ran from them - afraid of them - called it a mental illness - took evasive maneuvers - drugs
111
AIM and Indigenous rights, assimilation, and boarding schools
sent indigenous children to boarding school to assimilate them into society - bring them to civilization - scarring - taken from parents - whole life changed - destroyed relationships - culture stripped from the
112
Feminine Mystique
Betty Friedan - being a mother is the most full filling job for a women - break that stereotype - freedom to choose/be a person - strive for more - female activist
113
Cesar Chavez
unionizing farm workers - address dilemmas/poverty - use non-violence - increased pay and labor rights
114
Causes of the Great Depression
economy down - stocks down - everything down after the war - overproduction - stock market crash - banks close - uneven distribution of wealth
