End Of Year Prep (First Test Questions) Flashcards
(27 cards)
What’s the earths place on the solar system
Third from the sun (mercury, Venus, earth, mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
How old is the universe
13.8 billion years old
What is a volcano
An opening in the earths surface (usually a mountain) the opening allows gas, hot magma and ask to escape
What are plate boundaries
This is when two tectonic plate push together sometimes one will go under the other this can make mountains and volcanoes
What is the most dangerous type of volcano and what happens when it erupts
Dormant because you don’t know if it will erupt again and many people then live close to it . Pyroclastic is the most dangerous part because it is 1500’C and travels at the speed of 150 miles per hour
What are the three types of volcanoes
Extinct- they haven’t erupted in historical times and no evidence of magma reservoir within the volcanos
Dormant - have erupted in the last 2000 years and may erupt again (sleeping)
Active - have erupted recently and probably will again
What is the structure of a volcano
The magma chamber is under the crust, the mountain is filled with lava and ash, the crack is the main vent and it can come out the crater and also the side vent, the large cloud is called the ash cloud
What are the 4 plate boundaries
Constructive - moving apart
Colliding - moving towards
Subduction - one goes under the other
Conservative- sliding last each other
What is the earths surface been made up of
Slabs of rocks known as tectonic plates
What is the structure of the earth
First the outside layer is the crust
Then comes the mantel
Then the outer layer
And then the inner layer
How far have humans explored the earths structure
Only the crust and just 12 kilometres down (7.6miles) it took 20 years it isn’t even half way down
What’s the theory of continental drift
When all land was joined together, then the land spread apart again and drifted into their current positions
What state are the layers of the earth
Crust-solid
Mantel-liquid
Outer-liquid
Inner-solid
What is proof of Pangae
Fossils of dinosaurs that couldn’t fly or swim found in different continents.
Rocks found in exactly the same layout in different continents (the coastline)
The shale of the continents make it look like a jigsaw (South America and Africa fir)
The crust of planets are made of large slabs that move
What is Pangaea
A supercontinent when every bit of land was joined together
How old is the solar system
4.6 billion years old
How old is our planet
4.5 billion years old
How many planets are there and their names
8 planets; mars mercury Venus earth Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune
What are tectonic plates
Large pieces of rock that are moving in the Mantel there are 15 across the face of the earth
What is the ring of fire most known for
They are volcanoes and earthquakes in a string of them around the Pacific Ocean this is because it’s near a plate boundarie
What are the effects of a primary and secondary earthquake
Primary effects - they happen straight away some explains are; roads/railways destroyed hospitals as well, fire/gas explosions
Secondary effects - they are long term some explains are; lack of health care, economic suffering, food/water shortage
Why are developing countries worse effected be natural disasters
Some countries do not have the money, resources or right people to be able to earthquake proof things and when something like this happens they have even less money
How do authorities prepare for earthquakes ( the four Ps)
Plan - regular drills in schools and institution
Predictions - animals act strangely, snakes and rats crawl out of holes
Prepare - educate on what to expect ( turn off gas and water
Protect - all new buildings must have planning regulations ( buildings and roads must be strengthened)
What is an earthquake
An earthquake is a vibration caused by the earths movement at plate boundaries and major cracks on the surface ( fault lines )
They can happen at any hour major plate boundaries but mainly at the conservation and destructive
