Endo Flashcards
(25 cards)
Characteristics of endocrine organs
Made up of organs characterized by presence of groups of cells witg
Vascularized stim
And abundant capillaries
Types of chromophils in the anterior lobe of pituitary gland/pars distalis
Acidophils
Basophils
What do orangophils/somatotropes secrete
GH
What do carminophils and mamotropes secrete?
Prolactin
What are types of basophils
Thyrotropes -TSH
Gonadotrophs -LH
corticotrophs - ACTH
Intermediate Lobe / Pars Intermedia special structure
Colloid
Produces MSH
Pineal gland
Melatonin
Function of melatonin
For sleeping helps in maintaining circadian rhythm
Cells in pars nervosa in the pituitary gland
Supporting cells resembling neuroglial cells
Superoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus
Special feature in pars nervosa
(+) Herring Bodies = accumulation of neurosecretory material in nerve terminals
Also known as neurosecretory corpuscles
Herring bodies
Epithelium of epithelial cells
Simple cuboidal
Other name for parafollicular cells
Calcitonin
Function of calcitonin
Lower Ca levels and bone resorption
2 types of cells in the parathyroid gland
1 Chief or Principal
2 Oxyphils or Principal
Difference between chief and oxyphils
C- smaller NUMEROUS —> PARATHORMONE
OXYPHILS - fewer, no hormonal secretion, occurs singly or in twos
Hormonal problem in Cushing’s
ACTH
Hormonal problems in DI
Neurohypophysis: Vasopressin
Hormones secreted by POSTERIOR PITUITARY
Vasopressin and Oxytocin
3 zones in the adrenal cortex
Glomerulosa - Mineralo
Fasciculata - Gluco
Reticularis - Sex steroid hormones
Present in zona fasciculata
Fatty cells (Spongiocytes)
Numerous
Found centrally
Secrete hormone that lowers blood sugar
Beta cells
Found at periphery
Secrete hormone glucagon
Alpha cells
Progenitor of alpha cells
Non granular - c cells
