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Endocrine > Endo Emergencies > Flashcards

Endo Emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the etiology of myxedema coma

A
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2
Q

Describe the presentation of myxedema coma

A
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3
Q

Describe the diagnostics for myxedema coma

A

clinical diagnosis, don’t wait for labs!

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4
Q

Describe the treatment for myxedema coma

A
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5
Q

Describe the etiology of thyroid storm

A
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6
Q

Describe the presentation of thyroid storm

A
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7
Q

Describe the diagnostics for thyroid storm

A
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8
Q

Describe the treatment of thyroid storm

A
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9
Q

Describe some functions of glucocorticoids (cortisol)

A
  • enhances gluconeogenesis
  • induces insulin secretion to counterbalance hyperglycemia
  • anti-inflammatory effects
  • supports cell-mediated immunity
  • suppresses ACTH synthesis to facilitate free water clearance
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10
Q

Describe the etiology of adrenal crises (addisonian crisis)

A
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11
Q

Describe the presentation of an adrenal crisis

A
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12
Q

Describe the diagnostics for an adrenal crisis

A
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13
Q

Describe the treatment for an adrenal crisis

A
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14
Q

Describe the physiology of insulin in response to glucose

A
  • serum glucose rises after eating
  • glucose enters pancreatic beta cells
  • insulin released from beta cells
  • insulin restores normoglycemia (diminishes hepatic glucose production & increases uptake by muscle & adipose tissue)
  • insulin-induced inhibition of glucagon secretion contributes to decline in hepatic glucose production
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15
Q

What assay can be used to monitor DKA to resolution & trends with pts clinical status

A

beta-hydroxybutyrate: most predominant ketone present in DKA

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16
Q

Describe the etiology of DKA

A
17
Q

Describe the etiology of HHS

A

Insulin deficiency/resistance (infection, infarction, non med compliance)

18
Q

Compare/Contrast the presentation of DKA & HHS

A
19
Q

Describe the PE for hyperglycemic crises (DKA & HHS)

A
20
Q

Compare & contrast the labs for DKA & HHS

A
21
Q

Describe the treatment for hyperglycemic crises

A
22
Q

Describe ketosis resolution

A
  • normalized AG & beta-hydroxybutyrate
  • mentally alert
  • plasma osmolality fallen under 315 mOsmol/kg
  • when pt can eat & transition from IV to SQ insulin
23
Q

Describe the etiology & pathophysiology of alcoholic ketoacidosis

A
24
Q

What is the predominant ketone body in alcoholic ketoacidosis

A

beta-OH (not included in regular assay!)

25
Q

Describe the treatment of alcoholic ketoacidosis

A
26
Q

Describe the etiology of hypoglycemia

A
27
Q

Describe the presentation of hypoglycemia

A
28
Q

Describe the treatment of hypoglycemia

A

Endocrine (10 decks)

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