Endocrine Flashcards
(46 cards)
3 most common causes of polyuria/polydipsia in cats?
o chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, hyperthyreosis
o hyperthyreosis, diabetes mellitus, bacterial cystitis
o bacterial cystitis, diabetes insipidus, hyperthyreosis
o chronic kidney disease, bacterial cystitis, diabetes mellitus
chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, hyperthyreosis
3 most common causes of polyuria/polydipsia in dogs
o pyometra, bacterial cystitis, diabetes mellitus
o chronic kidney disease, Cushing syndrome, diabetes mellitus
o Cushing syndrome, diabetes mellitus, pyometra
o bacterial cystitis, Cushing syndrome, diabetes mellitus
o chronic kidney disease, Cushing syndrome, diabetes mellitus
What is the target blood glucose level in the diabetic patient at maximum effect of insulin?
o 3-6 mmol/l
o 3-6 umol/l
o 4-9 umol/l
o 4-9 mmol/l
4-9 mmol/l
Causes of insulin resistance:
o progesterone, hypercortisolism, hypersomatotropism
o hypocalcemia, glucocorticoids, acromegaly
o cushing’s syndrome, enalapril, progestagens
o acromegaly, xilitol, cushing’s syndrome
o MPA, DOCP, GH
progesterone, hypercortisolism, hypersomatotropism
What may cause hypoglycemia in the diabetic patient treated with insulin?
o Progestagen treatment o Concurrent diabetes insipidus o Castration of male dog/cat o Neutering the bitch after 2-5 days o Stress o Glucocorticoid therapy
o Progestagen treatment
What may cause hypoglycaemia in the diabetic patient treated with insulin?
o Progestogen treatment
o Concurrent diabetes insipidus
o Castration of male dog/cat
o Anorexia, vomiting
o Progestogen treatment
What may cause hyperglycemia in the diabetic patient treated with insulin?
o liver failure o concurrent addison’s disease o insulin resistance o Xylitol-toxicosis o neutering bitch after 2-5 days
o insulin resistance
• Which statement is true? In monogastric animals the energy content of dietary….
o proteins is utilized most efficiently
o carbohydrates is utilized most efficiently
o fibers is utilized most efficiently
o fats is utilized most efficiently
fats is utilized most efficiently
Breed NOT predisposed for obesity?
o Labrador retriever
o Borzoi
o Dachshund
o Beagle
o Borzoi
Which is NOT a possible consequence of obesity?
o Hypertension (dog)
o Type-2 diabetes mellitus (cat)
o Hypokalemi
o Hyperlipidemia
o Hypokalemi
Treatment of obesity - which of the below statements is true?
o Commercial BW reduction diets are not recommended in cats, because they increase the risk of hepatic lipidosis
o Commercial BW reduction diets are useful because with reduced energy intake, the feeling of satiety is easily achievable
o Commercial BW reduction diets are useful, because without, BW reduction is not achievable
o Commercial BW reduction diets are not recommended, because they do not increase sufficiently the daily energy expenditure
o Commercial BW reduction diets are useful because with reduced energy intake, the feeling of satiety is easily achievable
Pathophysiology of obesity - which of the below statements is true?
o Hyperplastic obesity occurs mainly in growing animals
o Prognosis is good in hyperplastic obesity, because the stationary phase quickly replaces the dynamic phase
o Prognosis is careful in hypertrophic obesity, because the dynamic phase quickly replaces the stationary phase
o In hypertrophic obesity the size and the number of adipocytes increases
o Hyperplastic obesity occurs mainly in growing animals
“Fat-dervied peptides”/Effects of cytokines and hormones produced by adipocytes?
o Mild chronic inflammation, decrease in insulin resistance
o Increase in appetite, decrease in insulin resistency
o Mild chronic inflammation, long-lasting oxidative stress
o Mild acute inflammation, increase in blood pressure, increase in appetite
o Mild chronic inflammation, long-lasting oxidative stress
What is ‘endotoxin’?
o Lipoprotein molecule produced by Gr+ bacteria
o Lipoprotein molecule produced by Gr- bacteria
o Lipopolysaccharide molecule in the cell wall of Gr+ bacteria
o Lipopolysaccharide molecule in the cell wall of Gr- bacteria
o Lipopolysaccharide molecule in the cell wall of Gr- bacteria
Which endocrine disease is characterized by the following plantigrad movement?
o Addison disease
o Hyperthyroidism
o Diabetes insipidus
o Diabetes mellitus
o Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes insipidus, which is correct:
o Clinical manifestation PD/PU, hypersthenuria
o The most effective drug in the central form is desmopressin
o The ADH production of the kidney is insufficient in the nephrogenic form
o Diagnosis; modified water deprivation test, ADH- stimulation test
o The most effective drug in the central form is desmopressin
In which endocrine disorder there is NO polydipsia/polyuria?
o Diabetes mellitus o Diabetes insipidus o Hypothyroidism o Cushing's syndrome o Hyperthyroidism
o Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism of dogs: diagnosis
o Thyroxine↓ and TSH ↑, free thyroxine ↑, TGAA -, TRH-stimulation test
o Thyroxine ↓ and TSH ↑, free thyroxine ↓, TGAA , TSH-stimulation test
o Thyroxine ↓ and TSH ↑, free thyroxine ↓, TGAA, ACTH-stimulation test
o Thyroxine ↑ and TSH ↓, free thyroxine ↓, TGAA, ACTH-stimulation test
o Thyroxine ↓ and TSH ↑, free thyroxine ↓, TGAA , TSH-stimulation test
Hypothyroidism of dogs: symptoms
o activity ↓, obesity, PD/PU, alopecia, tachycardia, fertility↓
o activity ↑, obesity, alopecia, thick skin, bradycardia, PP
o activity ↓, obesity, alopecia, thin skin, bradycardia, fertility↓
o activity ↓, weight gain, alopecia, thick skin, bradycardia fertility ↓
o activity ↓, weight gain, alopecia, thick skin, bradycardia fertility ↓
Which statement is correct?
o hyperthyroidism caused by thyroid adenoma is common in cats
o hypothyroidism caused by thyroid adenoma is common in cats
o hyperthyroidism caused by thyroid adenocarcinoma is common in cats
o hypothyroidism caused by thyroid adenocarcinoma is common in cats
o hyperthyroidism caused by thyroid adenoma is common in cats
Hyperthyroidism of cats: therapeutic options
o thyoridectomy, radiotherapy, methimazole, iodine diet
o parathyroidetomy, 131I IV, methimazole, low iodine diet
o thyroidectomy, 99TC IV, methimazole, low sodium diet
o parathyroidectomy, 131I IV, fenbendazole, low iodine diet
o thyoridectomy, radiotherapy, methimazole, iodine diet
Hyperthyroidism of Cats
o Consequence of thyroiditis, goiter, dyspnoe, dilated cardiomyopathy
o Consequence of thyroid gland tumor, goiter, myxedema, anorexia/cachexia
o Consequence of thyroiditis, aggressivity, panting, sudden blindness due to hypotension
o Thyroid adenoma or hyperplasia, polyphagia, weight loss, myocardial hypertrophy
o Thyroid adenoma or hyperplasia, polyphagia, weight loss, myocardial hypertrophy
What condition does this dog have?
o Hypothyroidism (alopecia)
o Hyperthyroidism
o Cushing’s syndrome
o Diabetes mellitus
o Hypothyroidism (alopecia)
Which statement is correct regarding anesthesiologic considerations of hypothyreoidism
o Due to thermoregulatory imbalance hyperthermia occurs
o The overall metabolic rate is decreased, drug metabolism is slower, therefore the “vulnerability” of the patient to anesthesia is lower
o Myocardial contractibility is decreased, tachycardia is present
o Obesity results in a limited range of motion of the diaphragm
o Obesity results in a limited range of motion of the diaphragm
