Endocrine

Question 1

Which insulin has a black box warning? What’s the warning

Answer 1

Rapid-acting insulin has a black box warning of bronchospasms

Question 2

Which insulin can be mixed with NPH

Answer 2

Rapid acting and Short acting (Regular)

Question 3

What is rapid-acting insulins onset, peak, and duration

Answer 3

onset: 15-30mins
peak: 1-3
duration: 3-5

Question 4

When should you administer rapid-acting insulin

Answer 4

15 mins before a meal or DIRECTLY after meals

Question 5

What is the only insulin permitted to be given IV?

Answer 5

Short-acting insluin

Question 6

What is short-acting insulins onset, peak, duration

Answer 6

onset: 30 mins
peak: 3 hrs
duration: 8hrs

Question 7

When should you administer short-acting insulin?

Answer 7

30 minutes BEFORE meals

Question 8

Intermediate or NPH insulins onset, peak, and duration?

Answer 8

onset: 3-4hrs
peak: 6 hrs
duration: up to 24hrs

Question 9

When should you administer NPH or intermediate insulin?

Answer 9

once or twice DAILY

Question 10

What insulin has no peak?

Answer 10

Long acting

Question 11

Onset and duration for long-acting insulin?

Answer 11

onset: 3-4hrs
duration - 24 hrs or longers

Question 12

How often should long-acting insulin be administered?

Answer 12

ONE TIME daily

Question 13

A patient who is having a hypoglycemic episode is likely to receive?

Answer 13

Glucagon

Question 14

Purpose of glucagon?

Answer 14

Increases blood glucose during a hypoglycemic episode

Question 15

adverse side effects of glucagon

Answer 15

hypo/hyperglycemia

Question 16

What is sulfonylurea prototype?

Answer 16

Glipizid

Question 17

MOA of glipizide

Answer 17

stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic islet tissue

Question 18

What kind of diabetes is glipizide contraindicated?

Answer 18

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Question 19

Adverse side effects of glipizide

Answer 19

Can affect RBC and WBC causing anemias and leukopenia also erythema multiforme (red spots)

Question 20

A patient on glipizide should avoid?

Answer 20

Alcohol and NSAIDS

Question 21

Prototype of biguanide

Answer 21

Metformin

Question 22

Which type 2 diabetic medication can produce hypoglycemia?

Answer 22

Glipizide, and Sitagliptin

Question 23

MOA of metformin

Answer 23

decreases hepatic glucose production and decrease intestinal glucose absoprtion

Question 24

What is the best time for patients to take metformin and why

Answer 24

bed time because it can cause GI distres

Question 25

Which type 2 diabetes medication increases insulin release while decreasing glucagon

Answer 25

Sitagliptin

Question 26

Adverse side effects of sitagliptin

Answer 26

upper respiratory infections, pancreatitis, severe arthralgia

Question 27

Thyroid replacement prototype?

Answer 27

Levothyroxine (Synthroid)

Question 28

How would you instruct a patient to take levothyroxine?

Answer 28

Full glass of water on empty stomach before breakfast

Question 29

What thyroid medication can worsen glycemic control in diabetics?

Answer 29

Levothyroxine

Question 30

Adverse side effect of levothyroixine ?

Answer 30

HYPERthyriod side effects diarrhea , sweating, heat intolerance

Question 31

A patient with hypothyroidism would take ?

Answer 31

Levothyroxine or Synthroid

Question 32

A patient with hyperthyroidism would take?

Answer 32

Propythiourcali

Question 33

what does propylthiouracil do?

Answer 33

inhibits synthesis of thyroid hormone

Question 34

Adverse side effects of propylthiouracil

Answer 34

Liver injury, fetal harm, jaundice, agranulocytosis

Question 35

Antithyriod protoype?

Answer 35

Propythiourcali

Question 36

A patient with osteoporosis is likely to be prescribed?

Answer 36

Calcitonin

Question 37

Route of calcitonin?

Answer 37

Intranasally

Question 38

What kind of diet should a patient taking calcitonin have?

Answer 38

High in calcium and vitamin D

Question 39

How should you store calcitonin

Answer 39

Refrigerate after opening

Question 40

A patient with adrenal insufficiency would be likely to take?

Answer 40

Corticosteroids

Question 41

Long-term use of corticosteroids can cause

Answer 41

Psychosis , CV disease, and osteoporosis

Question 42

Stopping corticosteroids aburptly can cause?

Answer 42

Adrenal crisis

Question 43

MOA of mineralocotricoids

Answer 43

Electrolyte and water balance

Question 44

When giving glucocorticoids what should you monitor?

Answer 44

Glucose

Question 45

Adverse side effects of corticosteroids

Answer 45

Thing fragile skin, Cushing's, insomnia